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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
earth and planetary sciences
The stratification of ISM properties in the edge-on galaxy NGC 891 revealed by NIKA2
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 679, Article A7, Year 2023
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Description
Context. As the millimeter wavelength range remains a largely unexplored spectral region for galaxies, the IMEGIN large program aims to map the millimeter continuum emission of 22 nearby galaxies at 1.15 and 2 mm. Aims. Using the high-resolution maps produced by the NIKA2 camera, we explore the existence of very cold dust and take possible contamination by free-free and synchrotron emission into account. We study the IR-to-radio emission coming from different regions along the galactic plane and at large vertical distances. Methods. New observations of NGC 891, using the NIKA2 camera on the IRAM 30 m telescope, along with a suite of observations at other wavelengths were used to perform a multiwavelength study of the spectral energy distribution in the interstellar medium in this galaxy. This analysis was performed globally and locally, using the advanced hierarchical Bayesian fitting code, HerBIE, coupled with the THEMIS dust model. Results. Our dust modeling is able to reproduce the near-IR to millimeter emission of NGC 891, with the exception of an excess at a level of 25% obtained by the NIKA2 observations in the outermost parts of the disk. The radio continuum and thermal dust emission are distributed differently in the disk and galaxy halo. Different dusty environments are also revealed by a multiwavelength investigation of the emission features. Our detailed decomposition at millimeter and centimeter wavelengths shows that emission at 1 mm is purely originated by dust. Radio components become progressively important with increasing wavelengths. Finally, we find that emission arising from small dust grains accounts for ∼9.5% of the total dust mass, reaching up to 20% at large galactic latitudes. Shock waves in the outflows that shatter the dust grains might explain this higher fraction of small grains in the halo. Conclusions. NIKA2 observations have proven essential for a complete characterization of the interstellar medium in NGC 891. They have been critical to separate the dust, free-free, and synchrotron emission in the various emitting regions within the galaxy. © 2023 EDP Sciences. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Xilouris, Emmanuel M.
Greece, Athens
National Observatory of Athens
Kramer, Carsten
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Iram Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique
Adam, Rémi M.
France, Nice
Laboratoire Joseph-louis Lagrange
Ade, Peter A.R.
United Kingdom, Cardiff
Cardiff University
Ándré, Philippe J.
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Aussel, Hervé
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Baes, Maarten
Belgium, Ghent
Universiteit Gent
Beelen, Alexandre
France, Paris
Cnes Centre National D'etudes Spatiales
Benoît, Alain
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Berta, Stefano
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Iram Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique
Bourrion, Olivier R.
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Calvo, Martino
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Catalano, Andrea
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Clark, Christopher J.R.
United States, Baltimore
Space Telescope Science Institute
de Looze, Ilse
Belgium, Ghent
Universiteit Gent
United Kingdom, London
University College London
De Petris, Marco
Italy, Rome
Sapienza Università Di Roma
Désert, François Xavier
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Université Grenoble Alpes
Doyle, Simon M.
United Kingdom, Cardiff
Cardiff University
Driessen, Eduard F.C.
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Iram Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique
Galametz, Maud
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Galliano, Frédéric
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Gómez, Alicia
Spain, Torrejon de Ardoz
Centro de Astrobiología Csic-inta
Goupy, Johannes F.
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Hughes, Annie
France, Toulouse
Université Toulouse Iii - Paul Sabatier
Jones, Anthony P.
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Kéruzoré, Florian
United States, Lemont
Argonne National Laboratory
Lagache, Guilaine
France, Paris
Cnes Centre National D'etudes Spatiales
Leclercq, Samuel
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Iram Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique
Lestrade, Jean François
France, Paris
Sorbonne Université
MacÍas-Pérez, Juan Francisco
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Madden, Suzanne C.
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Maury, A. J.
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Mauskopf, Phillip D.
United Kingdom, Cardiff
Cardiff University
United States, Tempe
Arizona State University
Mayet, Frédéric
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Monfardini, Alessandro
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Pantoni, Lara
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Perotto, Laurence
France, Paris
In2p3 - Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique Des Particules
Pisano, Giampaolo
Italy, Rome
Sapienza Università Di Roma
Ponthieu, Nicolas
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Université Grenoble Alpes
Révéret, Vincent
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Commissariat a L'energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives
Rigby, Andrew J.
United Kingdom, Leeds
University of Leeds
Ritacco, Alessia
France, Paris
Sorbonne Université
Italy, Capoterra
Osservatorio Astronomico Di Cagliari
Romero, Charles E.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Roussel, Hélène
France, Paris
Sorbonne Université
Ruppin, Florian
France, Lyon
Université de Lyon
Schuster, Karl Friedrich
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Iram Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique
Sievers, Albrecht W.
Spain, Granada
Instituto de Radioastronomia Milimetrica
Smith, Matthew W.L.
United Kingdom, Cardiff
Cardiff University
Tabatabæi, Fatemeh S.
Iran, Tehran
Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Tehran
Tucker, Carole E.
United Kingdom, Cardiff
Cardiff University
Zylka, Robert
France, Saint Martin D'heres
Iram Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique
Statistics
Authors: 51
Affiliations: 26
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1051/0004-6361/202347020
ISSN:
00046361
Research Areas
Environmental