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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Human immunodeficiency virus co-infection increases placental parasite density and transplacental malaria transmission in western Kenya
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 80, No. 1, Year 2009
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Description
Plasmodium falciparum malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 adversely interact in the context of pregnancy, however little is known regarding the influence of co-infection on the risk of congenital malaria. We aimed to determine the prevalence of placental and congenital malaria and impact of HIV co-infection on transplacental malaria transmission in 157 parturient women and their infants by microscopy and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in western Kenya. The prevalence of placental and cord blood infections were 17.2% and 0% by microscopy, and 33.1% and 10.8% by PCR. HIV co-infection w as associated with a significant increase in placental parasite density (P < 0.05). Cord blood malaria prevalence was increased in co-infected women (odds ratio [OR] = 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.90-15.47) and correlated with placental parasite density (OR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.80-3.67). A 1-log increase in placental monocyte count was associated with increased risk of congenital infection (P = 0.001) (OR = 48.15; 95% CI = 4.59-505.50). The HIV co-infected women have a significantly increased burden of placental malaria that increases the risk of congenital infection. Copyright © 2009 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Perrault, Steven D.
Canada, Toronto
University of Toronto, Institute of Biomedical Engineering
Hajek, Jan J.
Canada, Toronto
North York General Hospital
Zhong, Kathleen J.Y.
Canada, Toronto
Tmdt
Owino, Simon Odera
United States, Athens
University of Georgia
Sichangi, Moses W.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Smith, Geoffrey M.
United States, Athens
University of Georgia
Ya, Ping Shi
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Moore, Julie M.
United States, Athens
University of Georgia
Kain, Kevin C.
Canada, Toronto
Toronto General Hospital
Statistics
Citations: 80
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.4269/ajtmh.2009.80.119
ISSN:
00029637
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Case-Control Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Kenya
Participants Gender
Female