Cranial electrotherapy stimulation for the treatment of chronically symptomatic bipolar patients

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) is beneficial in chronically symptomatic bipolar (CSBP) subjects. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all consecutive CSBP subjects who were prescribed CES collected demographic and clinical information. Results: The Clinical Global Impression improved significantly [mean (SD), 2.7 (0.6) at baseline vs 2.0 (0.0), t = 0, P < 0.001], but mood symptoms change minimally. There were very few adverse effects of CES. Conclusions: Patients with CSBP continue to experience symptoms with CES but also are modestly improved.Copyright © 2013 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.