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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and risk factor assessment in cattle in rural livestock areas of Govuro district in the southeast of Mozambique
PLoS ONE, Volume 9, No. 3, Article e91527, Year 2014
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Description
Background: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is an infectious disease of cattle that also affects other domestic animals, free-ranging and farmed wildlife, and also humans. In Mozambique, scattered surveys have reported a wide variation of bTB prevalence rates in cattle from different regions. Due to direct economic repercussions on livestock and indirect consequences for human health and wildlife, knowing the prevalence rates of the disease is essential to define an effective control strategy. Methodology/Principal findings: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Govuro district to determine bTB prevalence in cattle and identify associated risk factors. A representative sample of the cattle population was defined, stratified by livestock areas (n = 14). A total of 1136 cattle from 289 farmers were tested using the single comparative intradermal tuberculin test. The overall apparent prevalence was estimated at 39.6% (95% CI 36.8-42.5) using a diagnostic threshold cutoff according to the World Organization for Animal Health. bTB reactors were found in 13 livestock areas, with prevalence rates ranging from 8.1 to 65.8%. Age was the main risk factor; animals older than 4 years were more likely to be positive reactors (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 2.2-4.7). Landim local breed showed a lower prevalence than crossbred animals (Landim x Brahman) (OR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.8). Conclusions/Significance: The findings reveal an urgent need for intervention with effective, area-based, control measures in order to reduce bTB prevalence and prevent its spread to the human population. In addition to the high prevalence, population habits in Govuro, particularly the consumption of raw milk, clearly may potentiate the transmission to humans. Thus, further studies on human tuberculosis and the molecular characterization of the predominant strain lineages that cause bTB in cattle and humans are urgently required to evaluate the impact on human health in the region. © 2014 Moiane et al.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3954769/bin/pone.0091527.s001.docx
Authors & Co-Authors
Moiane, Ivânia C.
Portugal, Braga
Escola de Medicina da Universidade do Minho
Portugal, Braga
Universidade do Minho
Mozambique, Maputo
Universidade Eduardo Mondlane
MacHado, Adelina Da Conceicao
Mozambique, Maputo
Universidade Eduardo Mondlane
Santos, N.
Portugal, Braga
Escola de Medicina da Universidade do Minho
Portugal, Braga
Universidade do Minho
Nhambir, André
Mozambique, Maputo
Universidade Eduardo Mondlane
Inlamea, Osvaldo Frederico
Mozambique, Maputo
Universidade Eduardo Mondlane
Hattendorf, Jan
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Källenius, Gunilla
Sweden, Stockholm
Karolinska Institutet
Zinsstag, Jakob B.
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Correia-Neves, M.
Portugal, Braga
Escola de Medicina da Universidade do Minho
Portugal, Braga
Universidade do Minho
Statistics
Citations: 42
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0091527
e-ISSN:
19326203
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Mozambique