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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
earth and planetary sciences
The International Reference Ionosphere 2012 - A model of international collaboration
Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, Volume 4, Article A07, Year 2014
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Description
The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) project was established jointly by the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) and the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) in the late sixties with the goal to develop an international standard for the specification of plasma parameters in the Earth's ionosphere. COSPAR needed such a specification for the evaluation of environmental effects on spacecraft and experiments in space, and URSI for radiowave propagation studies and applications. At the request of COSPAR and URSI, IRI was developed as a data-based model to avoid the uncertainty of theory-based models which are only as good as the evolving theoretical understanding. Being based on most of the available and reliable observations of the ionospheric plasma from the ground and from space, IRI describes monthly averages of electron density, electron temperature, ion temperature, ion composition, and several additional parameters in the altitude range from 60 km to 2000 km. A working group of about 50 international ionospheric experts is in charge of developing and improving the IRI model. Over time as new data became available and new modeling techniques emerged, steadily improved editions of the IRI model have been published. This paper gives a brief history of the IRI project and describes the latest version of the model, IRI-2012. It also briefly discusses efforts to develop a real-time IRI model. The IRI homepage is at http://IRImodel.org. © D. Bilitza et al., Published by EDP Sciences 2014.
Authors & Co-Authors
Bilitza, Dieter K.
United States, Fairfax
George Mason University
United States, Greenbelt
Nasa Goddard Space Flight Center
Altadill, David
Spain, Barcelona
Universitat Ramon Llull
Zhang, Yongliang
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins University
Mertens, Christopher J.
United States, Hampton
Nasa Langley Research Center
Truhlík, Vladimír
Czech Republic, Prague
Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
Richards, Phillip G.
United States, Fairfax
George Mason University
McKinnell, Lee Anne
South Africa, Pretoria
South African National Space Agency
Reinisch, Bodo W.
United States, Lowell
University of Massachusetts Lowell
Statistics
Citations: 585
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1051/swsc/2014004
e-ISSN:
21157251