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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
energy
Reinforced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to fuel by efficient S-TiO2: Significance of sulfur doping
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 43, No. 37, Year 2018
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Description
The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to valuable chemicals and fuels is an efficient approach to control the ever-rising CO2 level in the atmosphere. The present paper describes a significant improvement in photoreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) using sulfur (S) doped titania (S-TiO2) nanoparticles as a photocatalyst under UV-A and visible light irradiation. The sulfur doping was done by following a simple sonothermal method, and a series of photocatalysts were synthesized with the varied amount of S doping. Various characterization techniques were employed for the photocatalysts such as XRD, surface area, UV–Visible, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The XPS reveals that S is predominantly present as S4+ in S-TiO2. The electronic structure for S-TiO2 anatase was calculated with the Vienna ab initio simulation package (VASP) code in the framework of spin-polarized density functional theory. Additional states closer to the valence band are produced inside the band gap as a result of doping. In situ reductive reaction conditions can partially reduce the catalyst, and results in the shift of Fermi level into the conduction band. It is suggested that S-doping increases catalyst surface conductivity, improves the charge transfer rate and the rate of photocatalytic reactions. The prepared series of catalysts have shown excellent activity under UV-A and visible light for photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The effect of the different base including K2CO3, Na2CO3, NaOH and KOH; catalyst amount; sulfur doping amount; and light wavelength were monitored. Methane, ethylene, propylene, and propane were observed as reaction products. In 24 h, S-TiO2 exhibited the highest photoactivity in KOH aqueous solution with a maximum yield of 6.25 μmol g−1 methane, 2.74 μmol g−1 of ethylene, 0.074 μmol g−1 of propylene and 0.030 μmol g−1 of propane under UV-A irradiation. The catalysts were active in visible light and able to generate methane and methanol in acetonitrile-H2O mixture with/without TEOA as sacrificial donor producing 846.5 μmol g−1 of methane and 4030 μmol g−1 of methanol for the former and 167.6 μmol g−1 of methane and 12828.4 μmol g−1 of methanol for the latter case. An estimate demonstrates that mass transfer does not limit the CO2 reaction. © 2018 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
Authors & Co-Authors
Olowoyo, Joshua Oluwole
India, Dehradun
Indian Institute of Petroleum
Kumar, Manoj Krishna
India, Dehradun
Indian Institute of Petroleum
Jain, Suman Lata
India, Dehradun
Indian Institute of Petroleum
Shen, Shao Hua
China, Xi'an
Xi'an Jiaotong University
Mao, Samuel S.
United States, Berkeley
University of California, Berkeley
Vorontsov, Alexander V.
Russian Federation, Barnaul
Altai State University, Barnaul
Kumar, Umesh Sampath
India, Dehradun
Indian Institute of Petroleum
Statistics
Citations: 40
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.07.193
ISSN:
03603199
Research Areas
Environmental