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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Sequential acquisition of T cells and antibodies to nontyphoidal Salmonella in Malawian children
Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 210, No. 1, Year 2014
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Description
Background. Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) remain a prominent cause of bacteremia in sub-Saharan Africa. Complement-fixing antibodies to STm develop by 2 years of age. We hypothesized that STm-specific CD4+ T cells develop alongside this process. Methods. Eighty healthy Malawian children aged 0-60 months were recruited. STm-specific CD4+ T cells producing interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 2 were quantified using intracellular cytokine staining. Antibodies to STm were measured by serum bactericidal activity (SBA) assay, and anti-STm immunoglobulin G antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. Between 2006 and 2011, STm bacteremias were detected in 449 children <5 years old. STm-specific CD4+ T cells were acquired in infancy, peaked at 14 months, and then declined. STm- specific SBA was detectable in newborns, declined in the first 8 months, and then increased to a peak at age 35 months. Acquisition of SBA correlated with acquisition of anti-STm-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunoglobulin G (r = 0.329 [95% confidence interval, .552-.062]; P = .01) but not anti-STm-outer membrane protein or anti-STm-flagellar protein (FliC). Conclusions. Acquisition of STm-specific CD4+ T cells in early childhood is consistent with early exposure to STm or cross-reactive protein antigens priming this T-cell development. STm-specific CD4+ T cells seem insufficient to protect against invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella disease, but sequential acquisition of SBA to STm LPS is associated with a decline in its incidence. © The Author 2014.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4054899/bin/supp_210_1_56__index.html
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4054899/bin/supp_jiu045_jiu045supp.doc
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4054899/bin/supp_jiu045_jiu045supp_fig1.tif
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4054899/bin/supp_jiu045_jiu045supp_fig2.tif
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC4054899/bin/supp_jiu045_jiu045supp_fig3.tif
Authors & Co-Authors
Nyirenda, Tonney S.
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Gilchrist, James J.
United Kingdom, Oxford
University of Oxford
Feasey, Nicholas A.
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
United Kingdom, Liverpool
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Glennie, Sarah J.
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Bar-Zeev, Naor
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Gordon, Melita A.
United Kingdom, Liverpool
University of Liverpool
MacLennan, Calman Alexander
United Kingdom, London
Medical Research Council
Italy, Siena
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostic S.r.l.
Mandala, Wilson Lewis
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Heyderman, Robert Simon
Malawi, Zomba
University of Malawi
Statistics
Citations: 51
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1093/infdis/jiu045
ISSN:
00221899
e-ISSN:
15376613
Research Areas
Cancer
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study