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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
earth and planetary sciences
Changes in extreme temperature and precipitation in the Arab region: Long-term trends and variability related to ENSO and NAO
International Journal of Climatology, Volume 34, No. 3, Year 2014
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Description
A workshop was held in Casablanca, Morocco, in March 2012, to enhance knowledge of climate extremes and their changes in the Arab region. This workshop initiated intensive data compilation activities of daily observational weather station data from the Arab region. After conducting careful control processes to ensure the quality and homogeneity of the data, climate indices for extreme temperatures and precipitation were calculated. This study examines the temporal changes in climate extremes in the Arab region with regard to long-term trends and natural variability related to ENSO and NAO. We find consistent warming trends since the middle of the 20th Century across the region. This is evident in the increased frequencies of warm days and warm nights, higher extreme temperature values, fewer cold days and cold nights and shorter cold spell durations. The warming trends seem to be particularly strong since the early 1970s. Changes in precipitation are generally less consistent and characterised by a higher spatial and temporal variability; the trends are generally less significant. However, in the western part of the Arab region, there is a tendency towards wetter conditions. In contrast, in the eastern part, there are more drying trends, although, these are of low significance. We also find some relationships between climate extremes in the Arab region and certain prominent modes of variability, in particular El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The relationships of the climate extremes with NAO are stronger, in general, than those with ENSO, and are particularly strong in the western part of the Arab region (closer to the Atlantic Ocean). The relationships with ENSO are found to be more significant towards the eastern part of the area of study. © 2013 Royal Meteorological Society.
Authors & Co-Authors
Donat, Markus G.
Australia, Sydney
Unsw Sydney
Peterson, Thomas C.
United States, Asheville
Noaa National Climatic Data Center
India, Manola Brunet
Spain, Tarragona
Universitat Rovira I Virgili
United Kingdom, Norwich
University of East Anglia
King, Andrew
Australia, Sydney
Unsw Sydney
Almazroui, Mansour
Saudi Arabia, Jeddah
King Abdulaziz University
Rupa Kumar, K.
Switzerland, Geneva
World Meteorological Organization
Boucherf, D.
Algeria, Algiers
National Climatogical Center
Al-Mulla, Anwar Yousuf
Unknown Affiliation
Nour, Abdourahman Youssouf
Djibouti
Ministry of Transport
Aly, Ahmed Attia
Egypt, Cairo
Ministry of Civil Aviation
Nada, Tamer Ali Ali
Egypt, Cairo
Ministry of Civil Aviation
Semawi, Muhammad M.
Jordan, Amman
Jordan Meteorological Department
Al-Dashti, Hassan Abdullah
Kuwait
Dgca
Salhab, Tarek G.
Lebanon, Beirut
Ministry of Public Works and Transport
El Fadli, Khalid I.
Libya, Tripoli
Libyan National Meteorological Center
Muftah, Mohamed K.
Libya, Tripoli
Libyan National Meteorological Center
Dah Eida, Sidaty
Mauritania
Office National de la Météorologie
Badi, Wafae
Morocco, Casablanca
Direction de la Météorologie Nationale
Driouech, Fatima
Morocco, Casablanca
Direction de la Météorologie Nationale
El Rhaz, Khalid
Morocco, Casablanca
Direction de la Météorologie Nationale
Abubaker, Mohammed J.Y.
Palestine
Palestinian Meteorological Office
Ghulam, Ayman S.
Saudi Arabia, Jeddah
Presidency of Meteorology and Environment
Erayah, Amani Sanhouri
Sudan, Khartoum
Sudan Meteorological Authority
Mansour, Maher Ben
Tunisia, Tunis
National Institute
Alabdouli, Waleed O.
Unknown Affiliation
Al Dhanhani, Jemie Salem
United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi
National Center of Meteorology
Al Shekaili, Majed N.
United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi
National Center of Meteorology
Statistics
Citations: 317
Authors: 27
Affiliations: 20
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/joc.3707
ISSN:
08998418
e-ISSN:
10970088
Study Locations
Morocco