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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
environmental science
Background ionizing radiation and the risk of childhood cancer: A census-based nationwide cohort study
Environmental Health Perspectives, Volume 123, No. 6, Year 2015
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Description
Background: Exposure to medium or high doses of ionizing radiation is a known risk factor for cancer in children. The extent to which low-dose radiation from natural sources contributes to the risk of childhood cancer remains unclear. oBjectives: In a nationwide census-based cohort study, we investigated whether the incidence of childhood cancer was associated with background radiation from terrestrial gamma and cosmic rays. Methods: Children < 16 years of age in the Swiss National Censuses in 1990 and 2000 were included. The follow-up period lasted until 2008, and incident cancer cases were identified from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry. A radiation model was used to predict dose rates from terrestrial and cosmic radiation at locations of residence. Cox regression models were used to assess associations between cancer risk and dose rates and cumulative dose since birth. results: Among 2,093,660 children included at census, 1,782 incident cases of cancer were identified including 530 with leukemia, 328 with lymphoma, and 423 with a tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Hazard ratios for each millisievert increase in cumulative dose of external radiation were 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.05) for any cancer, 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) for leukemia, 1.01 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.05) for lymphoma, and 1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) for CNS tumors. Adjustment for a range of potential confounders had little effect on the results. conclusions: Our study suggests that background radiation may contribute to the risk of cancer in children, including leukemia and CNS tumors. © 2015, Environmental Health Perspectives. All Rights Reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Daniel Spycher, Ben Daniel
Switzerland, Bern
University of Bern
Lupatsch, Judith Eva
Switzerland, Bern
University of Bern
Zwahlen, Marcel
Switzerland, Bern
University of Bern
Röösli, Martin
Switzerland, Allschwil
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Swiss Tph
Switzerland, Basel
Universitat Basel
Niggli, F. K.
Switzerland, Zurich
Kinderspital Zürich
Grotzer, Michael A.
Switzerland, Zurich
Kinderspital Zürich
Egger, Matthias
Switzerland, Bern
University of Bern
Kuehni, Claudia E.
Switzerland, Bern
University of Bern
Ammann, Roland A.
Unknown Affiliation
Ansari, Marc
Unknown Affiliation
Beck-Popovic, Maja
Unknown Affiliation
Greiner, Jeannette
Unknown Affiliation
Niggli, Felix K.
Unknown Affiliation
Spoerri, Adrian
Unknown Affiliation
Künzli, Nino
Unknown Affiliation
Paccaud, Fred Michel
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 99
Authors: 16
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1289/ehp.1408548
ISSN:
00916765
Research Areas
Cancer
Environmental
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative