The relationship of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor with hyperlipidemia in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between mesencephalic astrocyte–derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) and lipid metabolism with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Human serum samples were collected from 58 normal controls (NC), 40 subjects with hyperlipidemia (HLD) without T2DM, and 42 subjects with HLD and T2DM. Their MANF levels were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Subgroup analysis was performed in the group with HLD and T2DM based on fasting blood glucose (FBG) > 8.22 vs. FBG ≤ 8.22. Furthermore, the relationship between MANF levels and lipid indices was analyzed. Results: Serum MANF levels were found to be significantly higher in the HLD group, both with and without T2DM (5.62 (3.59–7.11) and 4.21 (2.87–6.11)), both P < 0.001, than in the NC (2.81(1.81–4.01). MANF levels were higher in those with FBG > 8.22 than that in those with FBG ≤ 8.22. In addition, in the HLD without T2DM group, MANF levels were negatively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and age, while LDL-C and age were independently related to MANF levels. The area under the curve (AUC) in the ROC analysis of MANF for the diagnosis of HLD without T2DM and HLD with T2DM was 0.709 and 0.841, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Serum MANF levels increased in the HLD with or without T2DM groups and was associated with lipid and glucose metabolism. MANF may be a useful marker for predicting the development of dyslipidemia in T2DM.