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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
environmental science
Range-finding risk assessment of inhalation exposure to nanodiamonds in a laboratory environment
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Volume 11, No. 5, Year 2014
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Description
This study considers fundamental methods in occupational risk assessment of exposure to airborne engineered nanomaterials. We discuss characterization of particle emissions, exposure assessment, hazard assessment with in vitro studies, and risk range characterization using calculated inhaled doses and dose-response translated to humans from in vitro studies. Here, the methods were utilized to assess workers' risk range of inhalation exposure to nanodiamonds (NDs) during handling and sieving of ND powder. NDs were agglomerated to over 500 nm particles, and mean exposure levels of different work tasks varied from 0.24 to 4.96 μg·m-3 (0.08 to 0.74 cm-3). In vitro-experiments suggested that ND exposure may cause a risk for activation of inflammatory cascade. However, risk range characterization based on in vitro dose-response was not performed because accurate assessment of delivered (settled) dose on the cells was not possible. Comparison of ND exposure with common pollutants revealed that ND exposure was below 5 μg·m-3, which is one of the proposed exposure limits for diesel particulate matter, and the workers' calculated dose of NDs during the measurement day was 74 ng which corresponded to 0.02% of the modeled daily (24 h) dose of submicrometer urban air particles. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Authors & Co-Authors
Koivisto, Antti Joonas
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Palomäki, Jaana E.
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Viitanen, Anna Kaisa
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Siivola, Kirsi M.
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Koponen, Ismo Kalevi
Denmark, Copenhagen
Det Nationale Forskningscenter for Arbejdsmiljø
Yu, Mingzhou
China, Xi'an
Institute of Earth Environment
Kanerva, Tomi S.
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Norppa, Hannu
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Alenius, Harri T.
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Hussein, Tareq
Jordan, Amman
The University of Jordan
Finland, Helsinki
Helsingin Yliopisto
Savolainen, K.
Finland, Helsinki
Työterveyslaitos
Hämeri, Kaarle J.
Finland, Helsinki
Helsingin Yliopisto
Statistics
Citations: 12
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.3390/ijerph110505382
ISSN:
16617827
e-ISSN:
16604601
Research Areas
Environmental