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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Effect of a point-of-use water treatment and safe water storage intervention on diarrhea in infants of HIV-infected mothers
Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 200, No. 8, Year 2009
Notification
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Description
To reduce mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in resource-poor settings, the World Health Organization recommends exclusive breast-feeding for 6 months, followed by rapid weaning if replacement feeding is affordable, feasible, available, safe, and sustainable. In the Kisumu Breastfeeding Study (trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00146380), infants of HIV-infected mothers who received antiretroviral therapy experienced high rates of diarrhea at weaning. To address this problem, mothers in the Kisumu Breastfeeding Study were given safe water storage vessels, hygiene education, and bleach for household water treatment. We compared the incidence of diarrhea in infants enrolled before (cohort A) and after (cohort B) implementation of the intervention. Cohort B infants experienced less diarrhea than cohort A infants, before and after weaning (P<.001 and P = .047, respectively); however, during the weaning period, there were no differences in the frequency of diarrhea between cohorts (P = 0.89). Testing of stored water in cohort B homes indicated high adherence (monthly range, 80%-95%) to recommended chlorination practices. Among infants who were weaned early, provision of safe water may be insufficient to prevent weaning-associated diarrhea. © 2009 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Harris, Julie Rebecca
United States, Atlanta
Office of Workforce and Career Development
United States, Atlanta
Vector-borne
Greene, Sharon K.
United States, Atlanta
Office of Workforce and Career Development
United States, Atlanta
Vector-borne
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Hiv, Viral Hepatitis, Std, and tb Prevention
Thomas, Timothy K.
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Hiv, Viral Hepatitis, Std, and tb Prevention
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
United States, Boston
Harvard Medical School
Ndivo, Richard
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Okanda, John O.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Masaba, Rose Otieno
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Nyangau, Isabel
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Thigpen, Michael C.
United States, Atlanta
National Center for Hiv, Viral Hepatitis, Std, and tb Prevention
United States, Boston
Harvard Medical School
Hoekstra, Robert M.
United States, Atlanta
Vector-borne
Quick, Robert E.
United States, Atlanta
Vector-borne
Statistics
Citations: 45
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1086/605841
ISSN:
00221899
Research Areas
Environmental
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cohort Study