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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
environmental science
Importance of soil surface characteristics on water erosion in a small grazed Sahelian catchment
Hydrological Processes, Volume 17, No. 8, Year 2003
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Description
This study concerns the problem of water erosion in the Sahel. Surface water and sediment yields (suspended matter and bedload) were monitored for 3 years (1998-2000) at the outlet of a small grazed catchment (1·4 ha) in the northern part of Burkina Faso. The catchment consists of about 64% sandy deposits (DRY soil surface type), which support most of the vegetation, and about 34% of crusted bare soils (ERO soil surface type). The annual solid-matter export is more than 90% suspended sediment, varying between 4·0 and 8·4 t ha-1. The bedload represents less than 10% of soil losses. In a single flood event (10 year return period), the sediment yield can reach 4·2 t ha-1. During the period studied, a small proportion (20 to 32%) of the floods was thus responsible for a large proportion (80%) of the solid transport. Seasonal variation of the suspended-matter content was also observed: high mean values (9 g 1-1) in June, decreasing in July and stabilizing in August (between 2 and 4 g 1-1). This behaviour may be a consequence of a reorganization of the soil surfaces that have been destroyed by trampling animals during the previous long dry season, vegetation growth (increase in the protecting effect of the herbaceous cover) and, to a lesser extent, particle-supply limitation (exhaustion of dust deposits during July). The particle-size distribution in the suspended matter collected at the catchment outlet is 60% made up of clay: fraction <2 μm. The contribution of this clay is maximum when the water rises and its kaolinite/quartz ratio is then close to that of the ERO-type surfaces. This indicates that these surfaces are the main source of clay within the catchment. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Karambiri, Harouna
France, Paris
Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions Dans Les Hydrosystèmes et Les Sols
Ribolzi, Olivier
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Recherche Pour la Santé et le Développement Resade
Delhoume, J. P.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Recherche Pour la Santé et le Développement Resade
Ducloux, Jacques
France, Paris
Cnrs Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Coudrain-Ribstein, A.
France, Montpellier
Laboratoire Hydrosciences Montpellier
Casenave, A.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
Recherche Pour la Santé et le Développement Resade
Statistics
Citations: 53
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/hyp.1195
ISSN:
08856087
Research Areas
Environmental
Study Locations
Burkina Faso