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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Insecticide susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Central Africa
Parasites and Vectors, Volume 4, No. 1, Article 79, Year 2011
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Description
Background: Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) are the main vectors of dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses worldwide. As there is still no vaccine or specific treatment for DENV and CHIKV, vector control remains the cornerstone of prevention and outbreak control. Unfortunately, vector control programs are facing operational challenges with mosquitoes becoming resistant to commonly used insecticides in several areas through the world. Throughout Central Africa no recent data are available susceptible/resistant status of either vector species since the introduction/arrival of Ae. albopictus in this area. We therefore studied the level of resistance of these two major vectors to insecticides commonly used in Africa for mosquito control. Results: Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were sampled in six urban localities of Cameroon (Garoua, Bertoua, Yaoundé, Bafia, Buea) and Gabon (Libreville). Larval bioassays, carried out to determine the lethal concentrations (LC50and LC95) and resistance ratios (RR50 and RR95) suggested that both vector species were susceptible to Bti (Bacillus thuringiensis var israeliensis) and temephos. Bioassays were also performed on adults using WHO diagnostic test kits to assess phenotypic resistance to deltamethrin, DDT, fenitrothion and propoxur. These experiments showed that one population of Ae. aegypti (Libreville) and two populations of Ae. albopictus (Buea and Yaoundé) were resistant to DDT (mortality 36% to 71%). Resistance to deltamethrin was also suspected in Ae. albopictus from Yaoundé (83% mortality). All other field mosquito populations were susceptible to deltamethrin, DDT, fenitrothion and propoxur. No increase in the knockdown times (Kdt50and Kdt95) was noted in the Yaoundé resistant population compared to other Ae. albopictus populations, suggesting the possible involvement of metabolic resistance to deltamethrin and DDT. Conclusion: In view of the recent increase in dengue and chikungunya outbreaks in Central Africa, these unique comparative data on the insecticide susceptibility of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus could help public health services to design more effective vector control measures. © 2011 Kamgang et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Kamgang, Basile
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Cameroon, Yaounde
Laboratoire de Recherche Sur le Paludisme Yaounde
Marcombe, Sébastien
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Chandre, Fabrice
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Nchoutpouen, Elysée
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Cameroon, Yaounde
Laboratoire de Recherche Sur le Paludisme Yaounde
Nwane, Philippe Bienvenu
Cameroon, Yaounde
Laboratoire de Recherche Sur le Paludisme Yaounde
Etang, Josiane
Cameroon, Yaounde
Laboratoire de Recherche Sur le Paludisme Yaounde
Corbel, Vincent
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Benin, Cotonou
Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou
Paupy, Christophe
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Gabon, Franceville
Centre International de Recherches Medicales de Franceville
Statistics
Citations: 152
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1756-3305-4-79
e-ISSN:
17563305
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Cameroon
Gabon