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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
No decrease in annual risk of tuberculosis infection in endemic area in Cape Town, South Africa
Tropical Medicine and International Health, Volume 14, No. 2, Year 2009
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Description
Objective : To estimate the change in annual risk of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) in two neighbouring urban communities of Cape Town, South Africa with an HIV prevalence of approximately 2%, and to compare ARTI with notification rates and treatment outcomes in the tuberculosis (TB) programme. Methods : In 1998-1999 and 2005, tuberculin skin test surveys were conducted to measure the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and to calculate the ARTI. All 6 to 9-year-old children from all primary schools were included in the survey. Notification rates and treatment outcomes were obtained from the TB register. Results : A total of 2067 children participated in the survey from 1998 to 1999 and a total of 1954 in 2005. Based on a tuberculin skin test cut-off point of 10 mm, the ARTI was 3.7% (3.4-4.0%) in the 1998-1999 survey and 4.1% (3.8-4.5%) in 2005. The notification rate for pulmonary TB increased significantly from 646 per 100 000 in 1998 to 784 per 100 000 in 2002. In Ravensmead, there was no significant change in ARTI [first survey: 3.5% (3.1-3.9%), second survey: 3.2% (2.9-3.6%)], but in Uitsig the ARTI increased significantly from 4.1% (3.6-4.6%) to 5.8% (5.2-6.5%). The difference in ARTI between the two areas was associated with differences in reported case rates and the proportion of previously treated cases. Conclusion : Tuberculosis transmission remains very high in these two communities and control measures to date have failed. Additional measures to control TB are needed. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Kritzinger, Fiona E.
South Africa, Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch University
den Boon, Saskia
Uganda, Kampala
Mu-ucsf Research Collaboration
South Africa, Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch University
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Amsterdam Umc - University of Amsterdam
Verver, Suzanne
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Amsterdam Umc - University of Amsterdam
Netherlands, The Hague
Kncv Tuberculosis Foundation
Enarson, Donald A.
France, Paris
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Lombard, Carl J.
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Borgdorff, Martien Wilhelm
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Amsterdam Umc - University of Amsterdam
Netherlands, The Hague
Kncv Tuberculosis Foundation
Gie, Robert Peter
South Africa, Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch University
Beyers, Nulda
South Africa, Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch University
Statistics
Citations: 94
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02213.x
ISSN:
13602276
e-ISSN:
13653156
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
South Africa