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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Destabilization of the gut microbiome marks the end-stage of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in wild chimpanzees
American Journal of Primatology, Volume 80, No. 1, Article e22515, Year 2018
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Description
Enteric dysbiosis is a characteristic feature of progressive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection but has not been observed in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac)-infected macaques, including in animals with end-stage disease. This has raised questions concerning the mechanisms underlying the HIV-1 associated enteropathy, with factors other than virus infection, such as lifestyle and antibiotic use, implicated as playing possible causal roles. Simian immunodeficiency virus of chimpanzees (SIVcpz) is also associated with increased mortality in wild-living communities, and like HIV-1 and SIVmac, can cause CD4+ T cell depletion and immunodeficiency in infected individuals. Given the central role of the intestinal microbiome in mammalian health, we asked whether gut microbial constituents could be identified that are indicative of SIVcpz status and/or disease progression. Here, we characterized the gut microbiome of SIVcpz-infected and -uninfected chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Subjecting a small number of fecal samples (N = 9) to metagenomic (shotgun) sequencing, we found bacteria of the family Prevotellaceae to be enriched in SIVcpz-infected chimpanzees. However, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of a larger number of samples (N = 123) failed to show significant differences in both the composition and diversity (alpha and beta) of gut bacterial communities between infected (N = 24) and uninfected (N = 26) chimpanzees. Similarly, chimpanzee stool-associated circular virus (Chi-SCV) and chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAdV) identified by metagenomic sequencing were neither more prevalent nor more abundant in SIVcpz-infected individuals. However, fecal samples collected from SIVcpz-infected chimpanzees within 5 months before their AIDS-related death exhibited significant compositional changes in their gut bacteriome. These data indicate that SIVcpz-infected chimpanzees retain a stable gut microbiome throughout much of their natural infection course, with a significant destabilization of bacterial (but not viral) communities observed only in individuals with known immunodeficiency within the last several months before their death. Am. J. Primatol. 80:e22515, 2018. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Authors & Co-Authors
Barbian, Hannah J.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Li, Yingying
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Ramirez, Miguel A.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Klase, Zachary A.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Sciences in Philadelphia
Lipende, Iddi F.
Tanzania, Kigoma
Gombe Stream Research Center
Mjungu, Deus C.
Tanzania, Kigoma
Gombe Stream Research Center
Moeller, Andrew H.
United States, Berkeley
University of California, Berkeley
Wilson, Michael L.
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Pusey, Anne E.
United States, Durham
Duke University
Lonsdorf, Elizabeth V.
United States, Lancaster
Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster
Bushman, Frederic D.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Hahn, Beatrice H.
United States, Philadelphia
University of Pennsylvania
Statistics
Citations: 27
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/ajp.22515
ISSN:
02752565
e-ISSN:
10982345
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Locations
Tanzania