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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Determinants of neonatal mortality in Nigeria: Evidence from the 2008 demographic and health survey
BMC Public Health, Volume 14, No. 1, Article 521, Year 2014
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Description
Background: Nigeria continues to have one of the highest rates of neonatal deaths in Africa. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with neonatal death in Nigeria using the 2008 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Methods. Neonatal deaths of all singleton live-born infants between 2003 and 2008 were extracted from the 2008 NDHS. The 2008 NDHS was a multi-stage cluster sample survey of 36,298 households. Of these households, survival information of 27,147 singleton live-borns was obtained, including 996 cases of neonatal mortality. The risk of death was adjusted for confounders relating to individual, household, and community level factors using Cox regression. Results: Multivariable analyses indicated that a higher birth order of newborns with a short birth interval ≤ 2 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.19, confidence interval [CI]: 1.68-2.84) and newborns with a higher birth order with a longer birth interval > 2 years (HR = 1.36, CI: 1.05-1.78) were significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Other significant factors that affected neonatal deaths included neonates born to mothers younger than 20 years (HR = 4.07, CI: 2.83-5.86), neonates born to mothers residing in rural areas compared with urban residents (HR = 1.26, CI: 1.03-1.55), male neonates (HR = 1.30, CI: 1.12-1.53), mothers who perceived their neonate's body size to be smaller than the average size (HR = 2.10, CI: 1.77-2.50), and mothers who delivered their neonates by caesarean section (HR = 2.80, CI: 1.84-4.25). Conclusions: Our study suggests that the Nigerian government needs to invest more in the healthcare system to ensure quality care for women and newborns. Community-based intervention is also required and should focus on child spacing, childbearing at a younger age, and poverty eradication programs, particularly in rural areas, to reduce avoidable neonatal deaths in Nigeria. © 2014 Ezeh et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ezeh, Osita Kingsley
Australia, Penrith
Western Sydney University
Agho, Kingsley Emwinyore
Australia, Penrith
Western Sydney University
Dibley, Michael John
Australia, Sydney
The University of Sydney
Hall, John Joseph
Australia, Callaghan
University of Newcastle, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing
Page, Andrew Nicolas
Australia, Penrith
Western Sydney University
Statistics
Citations: 136
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1471-2458-14-521
ISSN:
14712458
Research Areas
Environmental
Health System And Policy
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Nigeria
Participants Gender
Male
Female