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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Further Development of a Neurobehavioral Profile of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Volume 37, No. 3, Year 2013
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Description
Background: Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (AE) results in a broad array of neurobehavioral deficits. Recent research has focused on identification of a neurobehavioral profile or profiles that will improve the identification of children affected by AE. This study aimed to build on our preliminary neurobehavioral profile to improve classification accuracy and test the specificity of the resulting profile in an alternate clinical group. Methods: A standardized neuropsychological test battery was administered to 3 groups of children: subjects with AE (n = 209), typically developing controls (CON, n = 185), and subjects with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, n = 74). We assessed a large sample from 6 sites in the United States and South Africa, using standardized methodology. Data were analyzed using 3 latent profile analyses including (i) subjects with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and controls, (ii) subjects with AE without FAS and controls, and (iii) subjects with AE (with or without FAS) and subjects with ADHD. Results: Classification accuracy was moderate but significant across the 3 analyses. In analysis 1, overall classification accuracy was 76.1% (77.2% FAS, 75.7% CON). In the second analysis, overall classification accuracy was 71.5% (70.1% AE/non-FAS, 72.4% CON). In the third analysis, overall classification accuracy was 73.9% (59.8% AE, 75.7% ADHD). Subjects that were misclassified were examined for systematic differences from those that were correctly classified. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the neuropsychological effects of AE are clinically meaningful and can be used to accurately distinguish alcohol-affected children from both typically developing children and children with ADHD. Further, in combination with other recent studies, these data suggest that approximately 70% of children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure are neurobehaviorally affected, while the remaining 30% are spared these often-devastating consequences, at least those in the domains under study. Refining the neurobehavioral profile will allow improved identification and treatment development for children affected by prenatal alcohol exposure. © 2012 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.
Authors & Co-Authors
Mattson, Sarah N.
United States, San Diego
San Diego State University
Roesch, Scott C.
United States, San Diego
San Diego State University
Glass, Leila
United States, San Diego
San Diego State University
Deweese, Benjamin N.
United States, San Diego
San Diego State University
Coles, Claire D.
United States, Atlanta
Emory University School of Medicine
Kable, Julie A.
United States, Atlanta
Emory University School of Medicine
May, Philip A.
United States, Carolina
University of North Carolina Nutrition Research Institute
United States, Albuquerque
The University of new Mexico
Kalberg, Wendy O.
United States, Albuquerque
The University of new Mexico
Sowell, Elizabeth R.
United States, Los Angeles
Keck School of Medicine of Usc
United States, Los Angeles
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
Adnams, Colleen M.
South Africa, Cape Town
University of Cape Town
Jones, Kenneth Lyons
United States, La Jolla
Uc San Diego School of Medicine
Riley, Edward Patrick
United States, San Diego
San Diego State University
Statistics
Citations: 154
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 8
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01952.x
ISSN:
01456008
e-ISSN:
15300277
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health
Substance Abuse
Study Locations
South Africa