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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Cumulative violence exposure and self-rated health: Longitudinal study of adolescents in the United States
Pediatrics, Volume 122, No. 5, Year 2008
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Description
Objective. The goal was to determine whether cumulative exposure to violence in childhood and adolescence contributes to disparities in self-rated health among a nationally representative sample of US adolescents. Methods. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 is an ongoing, 8-year (1997-2004), longitudinal, cohort study of youths who were 12 to 18 years of age at baseline (N = 8224). Generalized estimating equations were constructed to investigate the relationship between cumulative exposure to violence and risk for poor health. Results. At baseline, 75% of subjects reported excellent or very good health, 21.5% reported good health, and 4.5% reported fair or poor health. Cumulative violence exposures (witnessed gun violence, threat of violence, repeated bullying, perceived safety, and criminal victimization) were associated with a graded increase in risk for poor health and reduced the strength of the relationship between household income and poor health. In comparison with subjects with no violence exposure, risk for poor self-rated health was 4.6 times greater among subjects who reported ≥5 forms of cumulative exposure to violence, controlling for demographic features and household income. Trend analysis revealed that, for each additional violence exposure, the risk of poor health increased by 38%. Adjustment for alcohol use, drug use, smoking, depressive symptoms, and family and neighborhood environment reduced the strength of the relationships between household income and cumulative exposure to violence scores and poor self-rated health, which suggests partial mediation of the effects of socioeconomic status and cumulative exposure to violence by these factors. Conclusions. In this nationally representative sample, social inequality in risk for poor self-rated health during the transition from adolescence to adulthood was partially attributable to disparities in cumulative exposure to violence. A strong graded association was noted between cumulative exposure to violence and poor self-rated health in adolescence and young adulthood. Copyright © 2008 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ryan, Louise M.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Berkman, Lisa F.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Wright, Rosalind John
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
United States, Boston
Harvard Medical School
Statistics
Citations: 119
Authors: 3
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1542/peds.2007-3063
ISSN:
10984275
Research Areas
Maternal And Child Health
Substance Abuse
Violence And Injury
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative