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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
The combination of indoor residual spraying and insecticide-treated nets provides added protection against malaria compared with insecticide-treated nets alone
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 85, No. 6, Year 2011
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Description
Both insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) reduce malaria in high malaria transmission areas. 1-3 The combined effect of these interventions is unknown. We conducted a non-randomized prospective cohort study to determine protective efficacy of IRS with ITNs (ITN + IRS) compared with ITNs alone (ITN only) in preventing Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia. At baseline, participants provided blood samples for malaria smears, were presumptively treated for malaria, and received ITNs. Blood smears were made monthly and at sick visits. In total, 1,804 participants were enrolled. Incidence of P. falciparum parasitemia in the ITN + IRS and ITN only groups was 18 and 44 infections per 100 persons-years at risk, respectively (unadjusted rate ratio = 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.31-0.56). Adjusted protective efficacy of ITN + IRS compared with ITN only was 62% (95% CI = 0.50-0.72). The combination of IRS and ITN might be a feasible strategy to further reduce malaria transmission in areas of persistent perennial malaria transmission. Copyright © 2011 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Hamel, Mary J.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Otieno, Peter O.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Bayoh, Nabie M.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Kariuki, Simon K.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Were, Vincent Omondi
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Marwanga, Doris
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Laserson, Kayla F.
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Williamson, John Michael
Kenya, Nairobi
Kenya Medical Research Institute
Slutsker, Laurence
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Gimnig, John E.
United States, Atlanta
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Statistics
Citations: 101
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 2
Identifiers
Doi:
10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0684
ISSN:
00029637
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cohort Study
Quasi Experimental Study
Study Approach
Quantitative