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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Invasion of Africa by a single pfcrt allele of South East Asian type
Malaria Journal, Volume 5, Article 34, Year 2006
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Description
Background: Because of its dramatic public health impact, Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine (CQ) has been documented early on. Chloroquine-resistance (CQR) emerged in the late 1950's independently in South East Asia and South America and progressively spread over all malaria areas. CQR was reported in East Africa in the 1970's, and has since invaded the African continent. Many questions remain about the actual selection and spreading process of CQR parasites, and about the evolution of the ancestral mutant gene(s) during spreading. Methods: Eleven clinical isolates of P. falciparum from Cambodia and 238 from Africa (Senegal, Ivory Coast, Bukina Faso, Mali, Guinea, Togo, Benin, Niger, Congo, Madagascar, Comoros Islands, Tanzania, Kenya, Mozambique, Cameroun, Gabon) were collected during active case detection surveys carried out between 1996 and 2001. Parasite DNA was extracted from frozen blood aliquots and amplification of the gene pfcrt exon 2 (codon 72-76), exon 4 and intron 4 (codon 220 and microsatellite marker) were performed. All fragments were sequenced. Results: 124 isolates with a sensitive (c76/c220:CVMNK/A) haplotype and 125 isolates with a resistant c76/c220:CVIET/S haplotype were found. The microsatellite showed 17 different types in the isolates carrying the c76/c220:CVMNK/A haplotype while all 125 isolates with a CVIET/S haplotype but two had a single microsatellite type, namely (TAAA)3(TA)15, whatever the location or time of collection. Conclusion: Those results are consistent with the migration of a single ancestral pfcrt CQR allele from Asia to Africa. This is related to the importance of PFCRT in the fitness of P. falciparum point out this protein as a potential target for developments of new antimalarial drugs. © 2006Ariey et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ariey, Frédéric
Cambodia, Phnom Penh
Institut Pasteur du Cambodge
Fandeur, Thierry
France, Orleans
Centre Inrae Val de Loire
Durand, Rémy
France, Villetaneuse
University Sorbonne Paris Nord
Randrianarivelojosia, Milijaona
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Jambou, Ronan
Senegal, Dakar
Institut Pasteur de Dakar
Legrand, Eric
French Guiana, Cayenne
Institut Pasteur de la Guyane
Ekala, Marie Thérèse
France, Paris
Institut Pasteur, Paris
Bouchier, Christiane
France, Paris
Institut Pasteur, Paris
Cojean, Sandrine
France, Villetaneuse
University Sorbonne Paris Nord
Duchemin, Jean Bernard
Niger, Niamey
Centre de Recherche Medicale et Sanitaire Niamey
Robert, Vincent
France, Paris
Museum National D'histoire Naturelle
Le Bras, Jacques L.
France, Paris
Ap-hp Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris
Mercereau-Puijalon, Odile
France, Paris
Institut Pasteur, Paris
Statistics
Citations: 77
Authors: 13
Affiliations: 10
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1475-2875-5-34
ISSN:
14752875
e-ISSN:
14752875
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Multi-countries
Benin
Comoros
Congo
Gabon
Guinea
Ivory Coast
Kenya
Madagascar
Mali
Mozambique
Niger
Senegal
Tanzania
Togo