Impact of land use systems on the conservation of Vitellaria paradoxa Gaerten. F. (Sapotaceae) in the Sudan-Guinean savannas area

Vitellaria paradoxa (Butyrospermum parkii (G. Don) Kotschy) is a most important native tree valued by the local populations in the Sudan-Guinea savannah of Africa. In West Africa, the volume of scientific researches is increasing on this Sapotaceae, but there are few such studies in Cameroon. In order to develop appropriate conservation strategies, a study was undertaken on the population structure and management of the species, in the Ngaoundere highlands of Cameroon. Two methodological approaches using botanical and ethnobotanical surveys were used. A total of 1966 trees were recorded for a density of 16 stems ha -1. Distribution of trees according to the land use systems shows that natural savannah contains 79.5% of stems. The analysis of the population structure of V. paradoxa reveals that the regeneration of the species is good whereas the survival of the adult trees is compromised by various biotic pressures. Propagation by seed and sprouting is largely influenced by bush fires and overgrazing. The most important man-made pressure is fuel wood harvesting. Nevertheless, the species can re-sprout when cut. This information will help in elaborating suitable conservation and management strategies for the species in view of its systematic introduction in the farmer production systems. © 2011 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.