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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection during pregnancy induces CD4 T-cell differentiation and modulates responses to Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine in HIV-uninfected infants
Immunology, Volume 129, No. 3, Year 2010
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Description
Summary Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative infants born to HIV-positive mothers frequently exhibit a range of immunological abnormalities. We tested the hypothesis that HIV during pregnancy affects the ability of CD4 T cells of HIV-negative infants to respond to vaccine challenge by recruiting HIV-negative infants born to HIV-negative and HIV-positive mothers and measuring their responses to Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine given at birth. At 2 weeks, maternal HIV status did not influence CD4 T-cell counts or differentiation, but by 10 weeks CD4 counts of infants born to HIV-positive mothers fell to a level characteristic of HIV-positive infants. Among the CD4 T-cell populations, markers of differentiation (CCR7- CD45RA - CD27-) and senescence (CD57, PD-1) were more common among infants born to HIV-positive mothers than among infants born to HIV-negative mothers. At 2 weeks of age, we assessed the effector response to heat-killed BCG and tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) by overnight interferon (IFN)-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot-forming cell assay (ELISpot), but found no measurable effect of maternal HIV status. At 10 weeks, we assessed CD4 T-cell memory by measuring proliferation in response to the same antigens. We observed a bimodal response that allowed infants to be classified as high or low responders and found that fewer infants born to HIV-positive mothers were able to mount a robust proliferative response, suggesting that their reduced CD4 counts and increased differentiation indicated a deficiency in their ability to develop immunological memory. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Miles, David J.C.
Malawi, Blantyre
Malawi-liverpool-wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
South Africa, Observatory
South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative
Gadama, Louis
Malawi, Blantyre
Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital Malawi
Gumbi, Anita
Malawi, Blantyre
Malawi-liverpool-wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
Nyalo, Flora
Malawi, Blantyre
Malawi-liverpool-wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
Makanani, Bonus S.
Malawi, Blantyre
Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital Malawi
Heyderman, Robert Simon
Malawi, Blantyre
Malawi-liverpool-wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme
Statistics
Citations: 58
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03186.x
ISSN:
00192805
e-ISSN:
13652567
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health