Skip to content
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Menu
Home
About Us
Resources
Profiles Metrics
Authors Directory
Institutions Directory
Top Authors
Top Institutions
Top Sponsors
AI Digest
Contact Us
Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
A systematic review of acute and emergency care interventions for adolescents and adults with severe acute respiratory infections including COVID-19 in low and middle-income countries
Journal of Global Health, Volume 12, Article 05039, Year 2022
Notification
URL copied to clipboard!
Description
Background Severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) remain a leading cause of death globally, particularly in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Early intervention is critical, considering the potential for rapid decompensation in patients with SARIs. We aimed to evaluate the impact of acute and emergency care interventions on improving clinical outcomes in patients >10 years old with SARIs in LMICs. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Global Health, and Global Index Medicus databases to identify peer-reviewed studies containing SARI, LMICs, and emergency care interventions. Studies published prior to November 2020 focusing on patients >10 years old were included. A narrative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of identified articles. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 and Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tools. Results 20 223 studies were screened and 58 met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-four studies focused on coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19), 15 on pneumonia, seven on influenza, one study on severe acute respiratory syndrome, and one on undifferentiated SARI. Few COVID-19 studies found a benefit of the tested intervention on clinical status, mortality, or hospital length-of-stay. Little to no benefit was found for azithromycin, convalescent plasma, or zinc, and potential harm was found for hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine. There was mixed evidence for immunomodulators, traditional Chinese medicine, and corticosteroids among COVID-19 studies, with notable confounding due to a lack of consistency of control group treatments. Neuraminidase inhibitor antivirals for influenza had the highest quality of evidence for shortening symptom duration and decreasing disease severity. Conclusions We found few interventions for SARIs in LMICs with have high-quality evidence for improving clinical outcomes. None of the included studies evaluated non-pharmacologic interventions or were conducted in low-income countries. Further studies evaluating the impact of antivirals, immunomodulators, corticosteroids, and non-pharmacologic interventions for SARIs in LMICs are urgently needed. Registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020216117 © 2022 The Author(s)
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC9639745/bin/jogh-12-05039-s001.pdf
Authors & Co-Authors
Garbern, Stephanie Chow
United States, Providence
Brown University
Relan, Pryanka
United States, Atlanta
Emory Healthcare
O’Reilly, Gerard M.
Australia, Clayton
Monash University
Bills, Corey B.
United States, Aurora
University of Colorado School of Medicine
Schultz, Megan L.
United States, Milwaukee
Medical College of Wisconsin
Trehan, Indi
United States, Seattle
University of Washington
Kivlehan, Sean M.
United States, Boston
Brigham and Women's Hospital
United States, Cambridge
Harvard University
Becker, Torben K.
United States, Gainesville
University of Florida
Statistics
Citations: 4
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 9
Identifiers
Doi:
10.7189/jogh.12.05039
ISSN:
20472978
Research Areas
Covid
Genetics And Genomics
Health System And Policy
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Quasi Experimental Study
Narrative Study
Study Approach
Qualitative
Systematic review