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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Cardiovascular risk factor burden in Africa and the Middle East: The Africa Middle East Cardiovascular Epidemiological (ACE) study
PLoS ONE, Volume 9, No. 8, Article e102830, Year 2014
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Description
Background: Increased urbanization in the developing world parallels a rising burden of chronic diseases. Developing countries account for ∼80% of global cardiovascular (CV) deaths, but contribute a paucity of systematic epidemiological data on CV risk factors. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of CV risk factors in rural and urban cohorts attending general practice clinics in the Africa and Middle East (AfME) region. Methods: In a cross-sectional epidemiological study, the presence of CV risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus (diabetes), dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking and abdominal obesity) were evaluated in stable adult outpatients attending general practice primary care clinics. A rural population was defined as isolated (>50 km or lack of easy access to commuter transportation) from urban centers. Results: 4,378 outpatients were systematically recruited from 94 clinics across 14 AfME countries. Mean age was 46±14 years and 52% of outpatients were female. A high prevalence of dyslipidemia (70%) and abdominal obesity (68%) were observed, followed by hypertension (43%) and diabetes (25%). The vast majority of outpatients (92%) had at least one modifiable CV risk factor, many (74%) had more than one, and half (53%) had 3 or more. These findings were observed in both genders and across urban and rural centers. Among outpatients with pre-existing hypertension or dyslipidemia, many were not at their target blood pressure or LDL-cholesterol goals. Conclusion: Cardiovascular risk factors are highly prevalent among relatively young, stable outpatients attending general practice clinics across AfME. The findings support opportunistic screening for CV risk factors whenever outpatients visit a general practitioner and provide an opportunity for early identification and management of CV risk factors, including lifestyle interventions. © 2014 Alsheikh-Ali et al.
Authors & Co-Authors
Alsheikh-Ali, Alawi A.
United Arab Emirates, Abu Dhabi
Institute of Cardiac Sciences
Omar, Mohamed I.
United States, New York
Pfizer Inc.
Raal, Frederick Johan
South Africa, Johannesburg
Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital
Rashed, Wafa A.
Kuwait, Safat
Mubarak Al-kabeer Hospital
Hamoui, Omar M.
Lebanon, Beirut
Clemenceau Medical Center
Kane, Abdoul D.
Senegal, Dakar
Hopital Général de Grand Yoff
Alami, Mohamed
Morocco, Rabat
Mohammed V University in Rabat
Abreu, Paula C.
United States, New York
Pfizer Inc.
Mashhoud, Walid M.
United States, New York
Pfizer Inc.
Statistics
Citations: 9
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0102830
e-ISSN:
19326203
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Cohort Study
Participants Gender
Female