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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Sex and gender differences in the outcomes of vaccination over the life course
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 33, Year 2017
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Description
Both sex (i.e., biological differences) and gender (i.e., social or cultural influences) impact vaccine acceptance, responses, and outcomes. Clinical data illustrate that among children, young adults, and aged individuals, males and females differ in vaccine-induced immune responses, adverse events, and protection. Although males are more likely to receive vaccines, following vaccination, females typically develop higher antibody responses and report more adverse effects of vaccination than do males. Human, nonhuman animal, and in vitro studies reveal numerous immunological, genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors that differ between males and females and contribute to sex- and gender-specific vaccine responses and outcomes. Herein, we address the impact of sex and gender variables that should be considered in preclinical and clinical studies of vaccines. © Copyright 2017 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Flanagan, Katie L.
Australia, Clayton
Monash University
Plebanski, Magdalena
Australia, Clayton
Monash University
Klein, Sabra L.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Statistics
Citations: 302
Authors: 3
Affiliations: 2
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100616-060718
ISSN:
10810706
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Maternal And Child Health
Participants Gender
Female