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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Exclusive breastfeeding reduces risk of mortality in infants up to 6 mo of age born to HIV-positive Tanzanian women
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 96, No. 5, Year 2012
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Description
Background: Despite the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), exposure to HIV from breast milk has relegated EBF to an option only when formula feeding is not affordable, feasible, safe, and sustainable. Mixed feeding remains the norm in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: We evaluated whether the duration of EBF was associated with mortality and HIV infection in children followed to ≤5 y of age. Methods: A total of 690 mother-infant pairs from the Trial of Vitamins with information on infant feeding, HIV status, and at least one visit in the first year were included in the analysis. The duration of EBF was defined in months as a time-varying covariate at each follow-up visit. Associations of the duration of EBF with mortality, HIV infection, and HIV infection or death were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results: A 1-mo increase in EBF was associated with a 49% reduction in early infant mortality in the first 6 mo of life (RR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.93) and a nonsignificant 15% reduction in risk of HIV infection or death (RR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.01; P = 0.07) over the first 5 y of life. EBF was not associated with HIV infection (RR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.15). Conclusion: Longer EBF by HIV-positive mothers was associated with reduced mortality in the first 6 mo of life without increased HIV infection, which makes EBF the best option for women who cannot sustain exclusive formula feeding. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00197743. © 2012 American Society for Nutrition.
Authors & Co-Authors
Natchu, Uma Chandra Mouli
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
India, Gurgaon
Translational Health Science and Technology Institute
Liu, Enju
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Duggan, Christopher P.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
United States, Boston
Boston Children's Hospital
Msamanga, Gernard I.
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Peterson, Karen Eileen
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
United States, Ann Arbor
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Aboud, Said
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Spiegelman, Donna L.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Fawzi, Wafaie W.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Statistics
Citations: 36
Authors: 8
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.3945/ajcn.111.024356
ISSN:
00029165
e-ISSN:
19383207
Research Areas
Food Security
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Participants Gender
Female