Double neoplasia: Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and gastric lymphoma on myasthenia gravis

Introduction: The relationship between lymphogenesis and autoimmunity is currently well described in the literature. However, there is very little data associated with the occurrence of solid cancer in autoimmune field. Case report: We report here the case of a 77-year-old woman with a history of myasthenia gravis treated with radiotherapy, thymomectomy and immunosuppressants. Our patient presented in the follow-up of its myasthenia dysphagia for which the exploration found an epidermoid cancer of the esophagus associated with a gastric lymphoma with large cells B. Treated by chemotherapy type Rituximab + Gemcitabin + Oxaliplatin (R-GEMOX) then, due to failure, by Rituximab + Dexamethasone + Aracytin + Cisplatin (R-DHAP) we achieved a complete remission of both neoplasia and an improvement in the symptoms related to myasthenia gravis. Conclusion: Our clinical case is very special because we have with a single treatment (platinum-based chemotherapy + anti-CD20) able to control at the same time three pathologies, namely squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma and myasthenia gravis.