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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Wasting during pregnancy increases the risk of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Volume 38, No. 5, Year 2005
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Description
Objectives: To examine whether wasting during pregnancy, as measured by weight loss and low weight gain, is associated with increased mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1. Methods: This was a cohort study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, among 957 HIV-1-infected pregnant women. Weight was measured at the first prenatal visit and every month thereafter until delivery. Weight loss was defined as a weekly rate of weight gain <0 and low weight gain as a weekly rate >0 and ≤166 g/wk. The incidences of presumptive intrauterine transmission (HIV status at birth) and presumptive intrapartum and early breast-feeding transmission (HFV status at 6 weeks) were examined in relation to baseline anthropometrie characteristics and weight change during pregnancy using 2xn tables and multivariable binomial regression. Results: Compared with women who gained a 167 g/wk, weight loss during pregnancy was related to higher risk of intrauterine MTCT (adjusted relative risk [RR] = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.23-4.36, P = 0.009), HIV positive at birth or fetal death (RR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.40-3.24, P = 0.0004), and HIV positive at birth or early neonatal death (RR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.26-3.07, P = 0.003). The rate of weight gain during the 3rd trimester was inversely related to the risk of intrapartum/early breast-feeding transmission (adjusted P value, test for trend = 0.05). Conclusions: Weight loss during pregnancy increases the risk of early MTCT, Identifying causes of wasting during pregnancy may provide clues for new strategies to prevent MTCT. Copyright © 2005 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
Villamor, Eduardo
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Saathoff, Elmar
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Msamanga, Gernard I.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
O'Brien, Megan
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Manji, Karim Premji
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Fawzi, Wafaie W.
United States, Boston
Harvard T.h. Chan School of Public Health
Tanzania, Dar es Salaam
Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Statistics
Citations: 31
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 2
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/01.qai.0000143601.48986.47
ISSN:
15254135
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Tanzania
Participants Gender
Female