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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
The African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control: Impact on onchocercal skin disease
Tropical Medicine and International Health, Volume 16, No. 7, Year 2011
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Description
Objectives To assess the long-term impact of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control on itching and onchocercal skin disease (OSD). Methods Seven study sites in Cameroon, Sudan, Nigeria and Uganda participated. Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted of communities meso- and hyper-endemic for onchocerciasis before and after 5 or 6years of community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI). Individuals were asked about any general health symptoms including itching and underwent full cutaneous examinations. Onchocercal skin lesions were documented according to a standard classification. Results Five thousand one hundred and ninety three people were examined in phase I and 5,180 people in phase II. The presence of onchocercal nodules was a strongly significant (P<0·001) risk factor for all forms of onchocercal skin disease: APOD (OR 1·66); CPOD (OR 2·84); LOD (OR 2·68); reactive skin lesions (OR 2·38) and depigmentation (OR 3·36). The effect of community-directed treatment with ivermectin was profound. At phase II, there were significant (P<0·001) reductions in the odds of itching (OR 0·32), APOD (OR 0·28); CPOD (OR 0·34); reactive skin lesions (OR 0·33); depigmentation (OR 0·31) and nodules (OR 0·37). Reduction in the odds of LOD was also significant (OR 0.54, P<0.03). Conclusions This first multi-country report of the long-term impact of CDTI reveals a substantial reduction in itching and OSD. APOC operations are having a major effect in improving skin health in poor rural populations in Africa. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Ozoh, Gladys Angela O.
Nigeria, Naukka
University of Nigeria
Murdoch, Michele E.
United Kingdom, Watford
Watford General Hospital
Bissek, Anne Cécile Zoung Kanyi
Cameroon, Yaounde
Université de Yaoundé I
Hagan, M.
Ghana, Accra
Ministry of Lands, Forestry and Mines, Ghana
Ogbuagu, K. F.
United States, New York
Unfpa Commodity Security Branch
Shamad, Mahdi M.
South Sudan, Juba
University of Juba
Braide, Ekanem Ikpi
Nigeria, Calabar
University of Calabar
Boussinesq, Michel
France, Montpellier
Ird Centre de Montpellier
Noma, Mounkaïla M.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
World Health Organization Ouagadougou
Murdoch, Ian E.
United Kingdom, London
Ucl Institute of Ophthalmology
Sékétéli, Azodoga V.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
World Health Organization Ouagadougou
Amazigo, Uche V.
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou
World Health Organization Ouagadougou
Statistics
Citations: 36
Authors: 12
Affiliations: 10
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02783.x
ISSN:
13602276
e-ISSN:
13653156
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Cameroon
Nigeria
Sudan
Uganda