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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Mitochondrial DNA haplogroup H structure in North Africa
BMC Genetics, Volume 10, Article 8, Year 2009
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Description
Background: The Strait of Gibraltar separating the Iberian Peninsula from North Africa is thought to be a stronger barrier to gene flow for male than for female lineages. However, the recent subdivision of the haplogroup H at mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) level has revealed greater genetic differentiation among geographic regions than previously detected. The dissection of the mtDNA haplogroup H in North Africa, and its comparison with the Iberian Peninsula and Near-East profiles would help clarify the relative affinities among these regions. Results: Like the Iberian Peninsula, the dominant mtDNA haplogroup H subgroups in North Africa are H1 (42%) and H3 (13%). The similarity between these regions is stronger in the North-West edge affecting mainly Moroccan Arabs, West Saharans and Mauritanians, and decreases eastwards probably due to gene flow from Near East as attested for the higher frequencies of H4, H5, H7, H8 and H11 subgroups. Moroccan Berbers show stronger affinities with Tunisian and Tunisian Berbers than with Moroccan Arabs. Coalescence ages for H1 (11 ± 2 ky) and H3 (11 ± 4 ky) in North Africa point to the possibility of a late Palaeolithic settlement for these lineages similar to those found for other mtDNA haplogroups. Total and partial mtDNA genomic sequencing unveiled stronger mtDNA differentiation among regions than previously found using HVSI mtDNA based analysis. Conclusion: The subdivision of the mtDNA haplogroup H in North Africa has confirmed that the genetic differentiation found among Western and Eastern populations is mainly due to geographical rather than cultural barriers. It also shows that the historical Arabian role on the region had more a cultural than a demic effect. Whole mtDNA sequencing of identical H haplotypes based on HVSI and RFLP information has unveiled additional mtDNA differences between North African and Iberian Peninsula lineages, pointing to an older mtDNA genetic flow between regions than previously thought. Based on this new information, it seems that the Strait of Gibraltar barrier affected both male and female gene flow in a similar fashion. © 2009 Ennafaa et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2657161/bin/1471-2156-10-8-S1.xls
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2657161/bin/1471-2156-10-8-S2.xls
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC2657161/bin/1471-2156-10-8-S3.xls
Authors & Co-Authors
Ennafaâ, Hajer
Tunisia, Tunis
Université de Tunis el Manar, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis
Cabrera, Vicente Martínez
Spain, San Cristobal de la Laguna
Universidad de la Laguna
Abu-Amero, Khaled Khader
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
College of Medicine
González, A. M. María
Spain, San Cristobal de la Laguna
Universidad de la Laguna
Amor, Mohamed Ben
Tunisia, Tunis
Université de Tunis el Manar, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis
Bouhaha, Rym
Tunisia, Tunis
Université de Tunis el Manar, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis
Dzimiri, Nduna Francis
Saudi Arabia, Riyadh
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
Elgaâïed, Amel Benammar A.
Tunisia, Tunis
Université de Tunis el Manar, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis
Larruga, José María
Spain, San Cristobal de la Laguna
Universidad de la Laguna
Statistics
Citations: 79
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1471-2156-10-8
e-ISSN:
14712156
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Study Locations
Multi-countries
Participants Gender
Male
Female