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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology
Burden of diabetes and hyperglycaemia in adults in the Americas, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, Volume 10, No. 9, Year 2022
Notification
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Description
Background: High prevalence of diabetes has been reported in the Americas, but no comprehensive analysis of diabetes burden and related factors for the region is available. We aimed to describe the burden of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and that of hyperglycaemia in the Americas from 1990 to 2019. Methods: We used estimates from GBD 2019 to evaluate the burden of diabetes in adults aged 20 years or older and high fasting plasma glucose in adults aged 25 years or older in the 39 countries and territories of the six regions in the Americas from 1990 to 2019. The main source to estimate the mortality attributable to diabetes and to chronic kidney disease due to diabetes was vital registration. Mortality due to overall diabetes (ie, diabetes and diabetes due to chronic kidney disease) was estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as the number of deaths multiplied by standard life expectancy at the age that the death occurred, years lived with disability (YLDs) were estimated based on the prevalence and severity of complications of diabetes. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were estimated as a sum of YLDs and YLLs. We assessed the association of diabetes burden with the level of development of a country (according to the Socio-demographic Index), health-care access and quality (estimated with the Healthcare Access and Quality Index), and diabetes prevalence. We also calculated the population attributable fraction (PAF) of diabetes burden due to each of its risk factors. We report the 95% uncertainty intervals for all estimates. Findings: In 2019, an estimated total of 409 000 (95% uncertainty interval 373 000–443 000) adults aged 20 years or older in the Americas died from diabetes, which represented 5·9% of all deaths. Diabetes was responsible for 2266 (1930–2649) crude DALYs per 100 000 adults in the Americas, and high fasting plasma glucose for 4401 DALYs (3685–5265) per 100 000 adults, with large variation across regions. DALYs were mostly due to type 2 diabetes and distribution was heterogeneous, being highest in central Latin America and the Caribbean and lowest in high-income North America and southern Latin America. Between 1990 and 2019, age-standardised DALYs due to type 2 diabetes increased 27·4% (22·0–32·5). This increase was particularly high in Andean Latin America and high-income North America. Burden for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes across countries increased with higher diabetes prevalence and decreased with greater Socio-demographic and Healthcare Access and Quality Indices. Main risk factors for the burden were high BMI, with a PAF of 63·2% and dietary risks, with a PAF of 27·5%. The fraction of burden due to disability has increased since 1990 and now represents nearly half of the overall burden in 2019. Interpretation: The burden of diabetes in the Americas is large, increasing, heterogeneous, and expanding. To confront the rising burden, population-based interventions aimed to reduce type 2 diabetes risk and strengthening health systems to provide effective and cost-efficient care for those affected are mandatory. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC9399220/bin/mmc1.pdf
Authors & Co-Authors
Cousin, Ewerton
Unknown Affiliation
Schmidt, Maria Inês
Unknown Affiliation
Ong, Kanyin Liane
Unknown Affiliation
Afshin, Ashkan
Unknown Affiliation
Abushouk, Abdelrahman Ibrahim
Unknown Affiliation
Agarwal, Gina
Unknown Affiliation
Agudelo-Botero, Marcela
Unknown Affiliation
Al-Aly, Ziyad
Unknown Affiliation
Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth
Unknown Affiliation
Alvis-Guzman, Nelson
Unknown Affiliation
Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J.
Unknown Affiliation
Antony, Benny Samuel Eathakkattu
Unknown Affiliation
Asaad, Malke
Unknown Affiliation
Bärnighausen, Till Winfried
Unknown Affiliation
Basu, Sanjay
Unknown Affiliation
Benseñor, Isabela Judith Martins
Unknown Affiliation
Butt, Zahid A.
Unknown Affiliation
Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo
Unknown Affiliation
Chattu, Vijay Kumar
India, Chennai
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences
Criqui, Michael H.
Unknown Affiliation
Daneshpajouhnejad, Parnaz
Unknown Affiliation
Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto
Unknown Affiliation
Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar
Unknown Affiliation
Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda
Unknown Affiliation
Diaz, D.
Unknown Affiliation
Filip, Irina
Unknown Affiliation
Gad, Mohamed M.
Unknown Affiliation
García-Gordillo, Miguel Ángel
Unknown Affiliation
Gopalani, Sameer Vali
Unknown Affiliation
Gupta, Rajat Das
Unknown Affiliation
Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
Unknown Affiliation
Hashemian, Maryam
Unknown Affiliation
Hay, Simon I.
Unknown Affiliation
Khubchandani, Jagdish
Unknown Affiliation
Kimokoti, Ruth W.
Unknown Affiliation
Kisa, Adnan
Unknown Affiliation
Kuate Defo, B.
Unknown Affiliation
Landires, Iván
Unknown Affiliation
Miller, Ted R.
Unknown Affiliation
Mokdad, Ali H.
Unknown Affiliation
Morrison, Shane Douglas
Unknown Affiliation
Núñez-Samudio, Virginia
Unknown Affiliation
Olagunju, Andrew Toyin
Unknown Affiliation
Pandi-perumal, Seithikurippu R.
Unknown Affiliation
Rios-Blancas, Maria Jesus
Unknown Affiliation
Roever, Leonardo S.
Unknown Affiliation
Saadatagah, Seyedmohammad
Unknown Affiliation
Sanabria, Juan
Unknown Affiliation
Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
Unknown Affiliation
Sheikhbahaei, Sara
Unknown Affiliation
Silva, Diego Augusto Santos
Unknown Affiliation
Singh, Ambrish
Unknown Affiliation
Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto
Unknown Affiliation
Zadey, Siddhesh
Unknown Affiliation
Naghavi, Mohsen
Unknown Affiliation
Vos, Theo
Unknown Affiliation
Duncan, Bruce Bartholow
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 31
Authors: 57
Affiliations: 1
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00186-3
ISSN:
22138587
Research Areas
Disability
Health System And Policy
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Systematic review