Avian coronaviroses

Coronaviruses are RNA viruses classified into Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus. These viruses seem to come from bats, and more particularly Alphacoronaviruses and Betacoronaviruses (the genus where zoonoses are observed), while birds are the source of Gammacoronaviruses and Deltacoronaviruses. The first coronavirus identified was that of avian infectious bronchitis in 1931 in the United States. Other coronaviruses have been identified in birds, similar to or different from the IB virus of avian infectious bronchitis and are responsible for turkey enteritis (TCoV) and fulminating guinea fowl disease (GfCoV). Finally, a deltacoronavirus can be found in both pigs (PD CoV UKU15) and birds (PRCV).