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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus from Benin, West Africa
Acta Tropica, Volume 101, No. 3, Year 2007
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Description
Because free-insecticide treated net distribution is planned in Benin (West Africa) during the next few years, we investigated the type, frequency and distribution of insecticide resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in four localities selected on the basis of contrasting agricultural practices, use of insecticides and environment. Bioassays with WHO diagnostic test kits were carried out using pyrethroid, carbamate, organophosphate and organochlorine insecticides. An. gambiae mosquitoes were identified to species and to M or S molecular forms using PCR techniques. Molecular and biochemical assays were carried out to identify kdr and Ace.1 mutations in individual mosquitoes and to detect any increase in the activity of enzymes typically involved in insecticide metabolism (oxidase, esterase and glutathion-S-transférases). WHO diagnostic tests showed high frequency of resistance in An. gambiae and Cx. quinquefasciatus to permethrin and DDT in three areas. This was consistent with the presence of target site insensitivity due to kdr mutation and to increased metabolism through enzymatic activity. Kdr was expressed in both M and S forms. However, less than 1% of An. gambiae or Cx. quiqnuefasciatus showed the presence of the Ace.1R mutation. Carbamate/OP resistance was present at higher frequency in Culex than in An. gambiae. Dieldrin resistance was present in both species at all four localities. A higher frequency of pyrethroid-resistance was found in An. gambiae mosquitoes collected in urban areas compared to those collected in rice growing areas. The expansion of vegetable growing within urban areas probably contributed to selection pressure on mosquitoes. The detection of multiple resistance mechanisms in both An. gambiae and Cx. quinquefasciatus in Benin may represent a threat for the efficacy of ITNs and other forms of vector control such as indoor residual spraying in the future. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Corbel, Vincent
Unknown Affiliation
N'Guessan, Raphaël
Unknown Affiliation
Brengues, Cécile
Unknown Affiliation
Chandre, Fabrice
Unknown Affiliation
Djogbenou, Salako Luc
Unknown Affiliation
Martin, Thibaud
Unknown Affiliation
Akogbéto, Martin Codjo
Unknown Affiliation
Hougard, Jean Marc
Unknown Affiliation
Rowland, Mark W.
Unknown Affiliation
Statistics
Citations: 383
Authors: 9
Affiliations: 5
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.actatropica.2007.01.005
ISSN:
0001706X
Research Areas
Cancer
Study Locations
Multi-countries
Benin