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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
agricultural and biological sciences
Consumption of micronutrient-fortified milk and noodles is associated with lower risk of stunting in preschool-aged children in Indonesia
Food and Nutrition Bulletin, Volume 32, No. 4, Year 2011
Notification
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Description
Background. Stunting is highly prevalent in developing countries and is associated with greater morbidity and mortality. Micronutrient deficiencies contribute to stunting, and micronutrient-fortified foods are a potential strategy to reduce child stunting. Objective. To examine the relationship between the use of fortified powdered milk and noodles and child stunting in a large, population-based sample of Indonesian children. Methods. Consumption of fortified milk and fortified noodles was assessed in children 6 to 59 months of age from 222,250 families living in rural areas and 79,940 families living in urban slum areas in Indonesia. Results. The proportions of children who consumed fortified milk and fortified noodles were 34.0% and 22.0%, respectively, in rural families, and 42.4% and 48.5%, respectively, in urban families. The prevalence of stunting among children from rural and urban families was 51.8% and 48.8%, respectively. Children from rural and urban families were less likely to be stunted if they consumed fortified milk (in rural areas, OR = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.90; p < .0001; in urban areas, OR = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.85; p < .0001) or fortified noodles (in rural areas, OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91 to 0.99; p = .02; in urban areas, OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.01; p = .08) in multiple logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. In both rural and urban families, the odds of stunting were lower when a child who consumed fortified milk also consumed fortified noodles, or when a child who consumed fortified noodles also consumed fortified milk. Conclusions. The consumption of fortified milk and noodles is associated with decreased odds of stunting among Indonesian children. These findings add to a growing body of evidence regarding the potential benefits of multiple micronutrient fortification on child growth. © 2011, The United Nations University.
Authors & Co-Authors
Semba, Richard D.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Moench-Pfanner, Regina
Switzerland, Geneva
Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition
Sun, Kai
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
de Pee, Saskia
Italy, Rome
World Food Program, Italy
Akhter, Nasima
United States, New York
Helen Keller International
Rah, Jee-hyun
Netherlands, Heerlen
Koninklijke Dsm N.v.
Campbell, Ashley A.
United States, Baltimore
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Badham, Jane M.
South Africa, Durban
Jb Consultancy
Bloem, Martin W.
Italy, Rome
World Food Program, Italy
Kraemer, Klaus
Netherlands, Heerlen
Koninklijke Dsm N.v.
Statistics
Citations: 42
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1177/156482651103200406
ISSN:
03795721
Research Areas
Food Security
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study