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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Hepatitis C virus genotypes: An investigation of type‐specific differences in geographic origin and disease
Hepatology, Volume 19, No. 1, Year 1994
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Description
Because of the nucleotide sequence diversity of different isolates of hepatitis C virus, it has become important to clarify whether distinct genotypes of hepatitis C virus vary with respect to pathogenicity, infectivity, response to antiviral therapy and geographic clustering. We assessed nucleotide sequence variability in the 5′ noncoding region of hepatitis C virus, using restriction enzymes to analyze the distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes, in 80 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Genotypes were correlated with demographic, clinical and histological features. Thirty‐seven patients were infected with type 1, 10 had type 2 and 8 had type 3, and another 23 were infected with a new distinct hepatitis C virus type now classified as type 4. Two were infected with variants whose classification are uncertain. Types 1, 2 and 3 were found in patients from the United Kingdom, southern Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. Nineteen of 23 type 4 genotype isolates were from Middle Eastern patients, compared with 0 of 37 type 1 isolates (p < 0.001). Of 21 Middle Eastern patients, 19 (90.4) had type 4 hepatitis C virus (p = 0.001, odds ratio = 9). We found no significant difference between the mean ages or mean serum aminotransferase concentrations between the various types. Types 1,2,3 and 4 were found in patients with mild‐to‐moderate disease or severe disease. However, 21 of 29 (72.4) patients with type 1 who underwent liver biopsy had severe chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma histologically; 8 had mild or moderate chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis (p = 0.03, odds ratio = 2.6). Poor response to interferon‐α was noted in patients with type 1 disease. Our data suggest significant geographic clustering of type 4 disease in the Middle East area. Although different hepatitis C virus genotypes can be encountered in both mild and severe disease, type 1 hepatitis C virus may have important clinical implications. The prognostic importance of these genotypes will require prolonged follow‐up studies. (Hepatology 1994;19:13–18). Copyright © 1994 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Authors & Co-Authors
Dusheiko, Geoffrey M.
United Kingdom, London
The Royal Free Hospital
Brown, David J.C.
United Kingdom, London
The Royal Free Hospital
Simmonds, Peter N.
United Kingdom, Edinburgh
Edinburgh Medical School
Statistics
Citations: 498
Authors: 3
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1002/hep.1840190104
ISSN:
02709139
Research Areas
Cancer
Genetics And Genomics
Infectious Diseases
Study Design
Case-Control Study