A short review on the utilization of incense sticks ash as an emerging and overlooked material for the synthesis of zeolites

The traditional hydrothermal synthesis methods are mainly performed under batch operation, which generally takes few days to weeks to yield a zeolite with the desired properties and structure. The zeolites are the backbone of the petrochemical and wastewater industries due to their importance. The commercial methods for zeolite synthesis are expensive, laborious and energy intensive. Among waste products, incense sticks ash is a compound of aluminosilicates and could act as a potential candidate for the synthesis of zeolites for daily needs in these industries. Incense sticks ash is the byproduct of religious places and houses and is rich in Ca, Mg, Al and Si. As a result, incense sticks ash can be proven to be a potential candidate for the formation of calcium-rich zeolites. The formation of zeolites from incense sticks ash is an economical, reliable and eco-friendly method. The application of incense sticks ash for zeolite synthesis can also minimize the problem related to its disposal in the water bodies, which will also minimize the solid waste in countries where it is considered sacred and generated in tons every day.