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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Transmission probabilities of HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2, effect of male circumcision and interaction: A longitudinal study in a township of South Africa
AIDS, Volume 23, No. 3, Year 2009
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Description
Objectives: A synergy between HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections has been reported in observational studies. The objectives of this study were to estimate the per-sex-act female-to-male transmission probabilities (FtoMTPs) of HIV and HSV-2, the effect of each infection on the FtoMTP of the other and the effect of male circumcision on these FtoMTPs. Design: We used longitudinal data collected during the male circumcision trial conducted in Orange Farm (South Africa). Methods: Results were obtained by specific mathematical modeling of HIV and HSV-2 statuses of the men as functions of their sexual behavior and male circumcision status. The model took into account an estimation of the HIV and HSV-2 statuses of each of their female partners. Confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a bootstrap resampling method. Results: The HIV and HSV-2 FtoMTPs, during an unprotected sexual contact for an uncircumcised male in the absence of the other virus in both partners, were 0.0047 (95% CI: 0.0014-0.017) and 0.0067 (95% CI: 0.0028-0.014), respectively. HSV-2 in either partner increased HIV FtoMTP with a relative risk (RR) of 3.0 (95% CI: 1.01-7.3). Conversely, HIV in either partner increased HSV-2 FtoMTP (RR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1-6.3). Male circumcision significantly decreased these probabilities with RRs of 0.24 (95% CI: 0.11-0.44) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.36-0.91), respectively. Conclusion: This study gave the first estimates of HSV-2 per-sex-act FtoMTPs in Africa. It demonstrated a synergy between HIV and HSV-2 infections and a protective effect of male circumcision on HSV-2 acquisition by males. © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Authors & Co-Authors
Mahiané, Séverin Guy
South Africa
Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Yaoundé
Legeai, Camille
France, Boulogne-billancourt
Hopital Ambroise Pare, Boulogne-billancourt
Taljaard, Dirk J.
South Africa, Johannesburg
Progressus
Latouche, Aurélien
France, Versailles
Université de Versailles Saint-quentin-en-yvelines
Puren, Adrian
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Institute for Communicable Diseases
Peillon, Aurélie
France, Paris
Inserm
Bretagnolle, Jean
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Université Paris-saclay
Lissouba, Pascale
France, Paris
Inserm
Nguéma, Eugène Patrice Ndong
South Africa
Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Yaoundé
Gassiat, Elisabeth
France, Gif-sur-yvette
Université Paris-saclay
Auvert, Bertran
France, Boulogne-billancourt
Hopital Ambroise Pare, Boulogne-billancourt
France, Versailles
Université de Versailles Saint-quentin-en-yvelines
France, Paris
Inserm
Statistics
Citations: 44
Authors: 11
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1097/QAD.0b013e32831c5497
Research Areas
Infectious Diseases
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Study Design
Cohort Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
South Africa
Participants Gender
Male
Female