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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Borderline personality disorder diagnosis in a new key
Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, Volume 6, No. 1, Article 18, Year 2019
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Description
Background: Conceptualizations of personality disorders (PD) are increasingly moving towards dimensional approaches. The definition and assessment of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in regard to changes in nosology are of great importance to theory and practice as well as consumers. We studied empirical connections between the traditional DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for BPD and Criteria A and B of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). Method: Raters of varied professional backgrounds possessing substantial knowledge of PDs (N = 20) characterized BPD criteria with the four domains of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) and 25 pathological personality trait facets. Mean AMPD values of each BPD criterion were used to support a nosological cross-walk of the individual BPD criteria and study various combinations of BPD criteria in their AMPD translation. The grand mean AMPD profile generated from the experts was compared to published BPD prototypes that used AMPD trait ratings and the DSM-5-III hybrid categorical-dimensional algorithm for BPD. Divergent comparisons with DSM-5-III algorithms for other PDs and other published PD prototypes were also examined. Results: Inter-rater reliability analyses showed generally robust agreement. The AMPD profile for BPD criteria rated by individual BPD criteria was not isomorphic with whole-person ratings of BPD, although they were highly correlated. Various AMPD profiles for BPD were generated from theoretically relevant but differing configurations of BPD criteria. These AMPD profiles were highly correlated and showed meaningful divergence from non-BPD DSM-5-III algorithms and other PD prototypes. Conclusions: Results show that traditional DSM BPD diagnosis reflects a common core of PD severity, largely composed of LPFS and the pathological traits of anxiousness, depressively, emotional lability, and impulsivity. Results confirm the traditional DSM criterion-based BPD diagnosis can be reliably cross-walked with the full AMPD scheme, and both approaches share substantial construct overlap. This relative equivalence suggests the vast clinical and research literatures associated with BPD may be brought forward with DSM-5-III diagnosis of BPD. © 2019 The Author(s).
Authors & Co-Authors
Kamphuis, Jan Henk
Netherlands, Amsterdam
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
Keeley, Jared Wayne
United States, Richmond
Virginia Commonwealth University
Krueger, Robert Frank
United States, Minneapolis
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
Sellbom, Martin
New Zealand, Dunedin
University of Otago
Sharp, Carla
United States, Houston
University of Houston
Skodol, Andrew E.
United States, Tucson
The University of Arizona
Statistics
Citations: 14
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 17
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/s40479-019-0116-1
ISSN:
20516673
Research Areas
Mental Health