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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics
Identification of microcystins in a Lake Victoria cyanobacterial bloom using LC-MS with thiol derivatization
Toxicon, Volume 70, Year 2013
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Description
Microcystins are cyclic heptapeptides from cyanobacteria which are responsible for poisonings of livestock and humans. Cyanobacteria also produce a range of peptides and other compounds that can result in complex chromatograms when samples are analysed by LC-MS. Thiol derivatization of the α,β-unsaturated amide present in most microcystins was recently shown to simplify analysis of LC-MS chromatograms of a Microcystis culture, making it easier to identify peaks corresponding to microcystins in complex mixtures. This method was applied to analysis of extracts taken from a natural cyanobacteria bloom in Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria, Tanzania, in 2010, revealing the presence of numerous putative microcystin analogues in the sample. Results were verified using LC-MS2, LC-MS/MS with precursor-ion scanning, and LC-HRMS, leading to identification of 8 major and 17 minor microcystins in the sample, including analogues of microcystin-RY, -RL and -RA. Microcystin-YR (2), -RR (3), and -RY (9) were isolated from bloom material from Lake Victoria, and the structure of 9 was confirmed by NMR spectroscopic analysis and NMR spectral comparison with 2 and 3. Confirmation of the structure of MC-RY (9) facilitated detailed analysis of its MS2 spectrum, thereby supporting the structures of related analogues tentatively established on the basis of MS analyses. •Thiol derivatization with LC-MS2 analysis used to characterise microcystins in Lake Victoria.•Results verified using LC-MS/MS with precursor-ion scanning and LC-HRMS.•Identification of 8 major and 17 minor microcystins in the sample, including analogues of microcystin-RY, -RL and -RA.•Microcystin-YR, -RR, and -RY isolated from Lake Victoria bloom.•Structure of MC-RY confirmed by NMR spectroscopic analysis. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Miles, Christopher O.
Norway, Oslo
Veterinærinstituttet
Sandvik, Morten
Norway, Oslo
Veterinærinstituttet
Nonga, Hezron Emmanuel
Tanzania, Morogoro
Sokoine University of Agriculture
Norway, As
Norges Miljø- og Biovitenskapelige Universitet
Rundberget, Thomas
Norway, Oslo
Veterinærinstituttet
Wilkins, Alistair
Norway, Oslo
Veterinærinstituttet
New Zealand, Hamilton
The University of Waikato
Rise, Frode
Norway, Oslo
Universitetet I Oslo
Ballot, Andreas
Norway, Oslo
Veterinærinstituttet
Norway, Oslo
Norsk Institutt for Vannforskning
Statistics
Citations: 45
Authors: 7
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.03.016
ISSN:
00410101
Study Locations
Tanzania