On Cohesive Fuzzy Sets, Operations and Properties with Applications in Electromagnetic Signals and Solar Activities

In the present communication, a new concept of a cohesive fuzzy set (CHFS) has been proposed as a synchronized generalization of complex fuzzy sets and hesitant fuzzy sets in a systematic way. The novelty of the introduced notion lies in the selection of the best alternative among the available multiple favorable situations, where the possibility of its range is in the extended unit circle of the complex plane. We study the relationship between the CHFS and the complex intuitionistic fuzzy set (CIFS), along with validation of the obtained results. On the basis of the proposed notion, various properties, operations, and identities have been established with their necessary proof. The applications of CHFS in the process of filtering the signals for obtaining the reference signal using the necessary Fourier cosine transform or inverse Fourier cosine transform and identifying the maximum number of sunspots in a particular interval of solar activity have been suitably discussed with illustrative numerical examples. Some advantages of incorporating the proposed notion have also been tabulated for better understanding.