Assessment of framingham cardiovascular disease risk among militaries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Objectives: To measure the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among militaries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and to assess their Framingham CVD risk.Methods: A nationwide survey included 10,500 active military personnel selected by multistage stratified random sampling representing various ranks in the army forces of 5 regions. The study used the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) in the design of data collection tool. Data included demographic and health behavior information; physical assessment; and anthropometric, random blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides measurements. Results: The response rate was 97.4%. The results showed that 9.1% of the sample population had 10% or higher Framingham 10-year office-based CVD risk score, with a mean of 4.5. The risk varied by region, armed force, crowding index, waist- hip ratio, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Multivariate analysis identified crowding index, physical inactivity, and military rank as independent predictors, apart from Framingham predictors. Conclusion: The prevalence of CVD risk factors is high among militaries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with an associated high 10-year CVD Framingham risk. The military health services must implement intervention programs to reduce these risks, with follow-up of the participants with identified CVD risk. © Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S. All rights reserved.