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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Characterization of hepatitis E-specific cell-mediated immune response using IFN-γ ELISPOT assay
Journal of Immunological Methods, Volume 328, No. 1-2, Year 2007
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Description
In developing countries, hepatitis E (HEV) and hepatitis A (HAV) are the major causes of acute viral hepatitis with similar feco-oral modes of transmission. In contrast to the high seroprevalence of hepatitis A infection, a low seroprevalence of HEV among children in endemic areas has been reported. These data suggest the possibility that silent HEV infection is undiagnosed by the current available methods. Many of the serological tests used for HEV diagnosis have poor specificity and are unable to differentiate among different genotypes of HEV. Moreover, the RT-PCR used for HEV isolation is only valid for a brief period during the acute stage of infection. Cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses are highly sensitive, and long lasting after sub-clinical infections as shown in HCV and HIV. Our objective was to develop a quantitative assay for cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses in HEV infection as a surrogate marker for HEV exposure in silent infection. Quantitative assessment of the CMI responses in HEV will also help us to evaluate the role of CMI in HEV morbidity. In this study, an HEV-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) ELISPOT assay was optimized to analyze HEV-specific CMI responses. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and sera from experimentally infected chimpanzees and from seroconverted and control human subjects to validate the assay. The HEV-specific IFN-γ ELISPOT responses correlated strongly and significantly with anti-HEV ELISA positive/negative results (rho = 0.73, p = 0.02). Moreover, fine specificities of HEV-specific T cell responses could be identified using overlapping HEV ORF2 peptides. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Authors & Co-Authors
Shata, Mohamed Tarek M.
United States, Cincinnati
University of Cincinnati
Barrett, A.
United States, Cincinnati
University of Cincinnati
Shire, N. J.
United States, Cincinnati
University of Cincinnati
Abdelwahab, Sayed F.
Egypt, Minya
Faculty of Medicine
Sobhy, Maha
Egypt, Agouza
Diagsera - Egyptian Company for Diagnostics
Deaf, Enas Abd El Meged
Egypt, Asyut
Assiut University
El-Kamary, Samer S.
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
Hashem, Mohamed S.
Egypt, Agouza
Diagsera - Egyptian Company for Diagnostics
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
Engle, Ronald E.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Purcell, Robert H.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Emerson, Suzanne U.
United States, Bethesda
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Niaid
Strickland, George Thomas
United States, Baltimore
University of Maryland, Baltimore Umb
Sherman, Kenneth E.
United States, Cincinnati
University of Cincinnati
Statistics
Citations: 43
Authors: 13
Affiliations: 6
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.jim.2007.08.014
ISSN:
00221759
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Approach
Quantitative