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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Evidence of multiple pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto from Nigeria
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 103, No. 11, Year 2009
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Description
Pyrethroid insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto is a major concern to malaria vector control programmes. Resistance is mainly due to target-site insensitivity arising from a single point mutation, often referred to as knockdown resistance (kdr). Metabolic-based resistance mechanisms have also been implicated in pyrethroid resistance in East Africa and are currently being investigated in West Africa. Here we report the co-occurrence of both resistance mechanisms in a population of An. gambiae s.s. from Nigeria. Bioassay, synergist and biochemical analysis carried out on resistant and susceptible strains of An. gambiae s.s. from the same geographical area revealed >50% of the West African kdr mutation in the resistant mosquitoes but <3% in the susceptible mosquitoes. Resistant mosquitoes synergized using pyperonyl butoxide before permethrin exposure showed a significant increase in mortality compared with the non-synergized. Biochemical assays showed an increased level of monooxygenase but not glutathione-S-transferase or esterase activities in the resistant mosquitoes. Microarray analysis using the An. gambiae detox-chip for expression of detoxifying genes showed five over-expressed genes in the resistant strain when compared with the susceptible one. Two of these, CPLC8 and CPLC#, are cuticular genes not implicated in pyrethroid metabolism in An. gambiae s.s, and could constitute a novel set of candidate genes that warrant further investigation. © 2008 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Authors & Co-Authors
Awolola, Taiwo Samson
Nigeria, Yaba
Nigerian Institute of Medical Research
Oduola, Olufunke Adewunmi
Nigeria, Yaba
Nigerian Institute of Medical Research
Strode, Clare
United Kingdom, Liverpool
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Koekemoer, Lizette Leonie
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Institute for Communicable Diseases
South Africa, Johannesburg
School of Pathology
Brooke, Basil D.
South Africa, Johannesburg
National Institute for Communicable Diseases
South Africa, Johannesburg
School of Pathology
Ranson, Hilary A.
United Kingdom, Liverpool
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
Statistics
Citations: 170
Authors: 6
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.08.021
ISSN:
00359203
Research Areas
Cancer
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Noncommunicable Diseases
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Multi-countries
Nigeria