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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
Time and origin of cichlid colonization of the lower Congo rapids
PLoS ONE, Volume 6, No. 7, Article e22380, Year 2011
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Description
Most freshwater diversity is arguably located in networks of rivers and streams, but, in contrast to lacustrine systems riverine radiations, are largely understudied. The extensive rapids of the lower Congo River is one of the few river stretches inhabited by a locally endemic cichlid species flock as well as several species pairs, for which we provide evidence that they have radiated in situ. We use more that 2,000 AFLP markers as well as multilocus sequence datasets to reconstruct their origin, phylogenetic history, as well as the timing of colonization and speciation of two Lower Congo cichlid genera, Steatocranus and Nanochromis. Based on a representative taxon sampling and well resolved phylogenetic hypotheses we demonstrate that a high level of riverine diversity originated in the lower Congo within about 5 mya, which is concordant with age estimates for the hydrological origin of the modern lower Congo River. A spatial genetic structure is present in all widely distributed lineages corresponding to a trisection of the lower Congo River into major biogeographic areas, each with locally endemic species assemblages. With the present study, we provide a phylogenetic framework for a complex system that may serve as a link between African riverine cichlid diversity and the megadiverse cichlid radiations of the East African lakes. Beyond this we give for the first time a biologically estimated age for the origin of the lower Congo River rapids, one of the most extreme freshwater habitats on earth. © 2011 Schwarzer et al.
Available Materials
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3140524/bin/pone.0022380.s001.tif
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3140524/bin/pone.0022380.s002.xls
https://efashare.b-cdn.net/share/pmc/articles/PMC3140524/bin/pone.0022380.s003.xls
Authors & Co-Authors
Schwarzer, Julia
Germany, Munich
Zoologische Staatssammlung München
Germany, Bonn
Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig
Misof, Bernhard Y.
Germany, Bonn
Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig
Ifuta, Seraphin N.
Congo
Isp-gombe
Schliewen, Ulrich Kurt
Germany, Munich
Zoologische Staatssammlung München
Statistics
Citations: 61
Authors: 4
Affiliations: 3
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0022380
e-ISSN:
19326203
Research Areas
Genetics And Genomics
Study Locations
Congo