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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial enteropathogens isolated from stools in Madagascar
BMC Infectious Diseases, Volume 14, No. 1, Article 104, Year 2014
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Description
Background: Diarrheal diseases are a major public health problem in developing countries, and are one of the main causes of hospital admissions in Madagascar. The Pasteur Institute of Madagascar undertook a study to determine the prevalence and the pathogenicity of bacterial, viral and protozoal enteropathogens in diarrheal and non-diarrheal stools of children aged less than 5 years in Madagascar. We present here the results of the analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacteria isolated during this study.Methods: The study was conducted in the community setting in 14 districts of Madagascar from October 2008 to May 2009. Conventional methods and PCR were used to identify the bacteria; antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using an agar diffusion method for enterobacteriaceae and MICs were measured by an agar dilution method for Campylobacter sp. In addition to the strains isolated during this study, Salmonella sp and Shigella sp isolated at the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar from 2005 to 2009 were included in the analysis to increase the power of the study.Results: Twenty-nine strains of Salmonella sp, 35 strains of Shigella sp, 195 strains of diarrheagenic E. coli, 203 strains of C. jejuni and 71 strains of C. coli isolated in the community setting were tested for antibiotic resistance. Fifty-five strains of Salmonella sp and 129 strains of Shigella sp isolated from patients referred to the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar were also included in the study. Many E. coli and Shigella isolates (around 80%) but fewer Salmonella isolates were resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. A small proportion of strains of each species were resistant to ciprofloxacin and only 3% of E. coli strains presented a resistance to third generation cephalosporins due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. The resistance of Campylobacter sp to ampicillin was the most prevalent, whereas less than 5% of isolates were resistant to each of the other antibiotics.Conclusion: The highest prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Antibiotic treatment is not recommended for children with diarrhea in Madagascar and the emphasis should be placed on oral rehydration. © 2014 Randrianirina et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Randrianirina, Frédérique
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Ratsima, Elisoa Hariniaina
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Ramparany, Lovasoa
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Randremanana, Rindra Vatosoa
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Rakotonirina, Hanitra Clara
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Andriamanantena, Tahiry S.
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Rakotomanana, Fanjasoa
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Rajatonirina, Soatiana Cathycia
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Richard, Vincent
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Talarmin, Antoine
Madagascar, Antananarivo
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Statistics
Citations: 28
Authors: 10
Affiliations: 1
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1471-2334-14-104
e-ISSN:
14712334
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Locations
Madagascar