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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
immunology and microbiology
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Zimbabwe: A cross-sectional study of prevalence, predictors and associations with HIV
Tropical Medicine and International Health, Volume 18, No. 6, Year 2013
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Description
Objective: To describe the occurrence, dynamics and predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy, including links with HIV, in urban Zimbabwe. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 2042 post-natal women aged 15-49 years was conducted in six public primary healthcare clinics in low-income urban Zimbabwe. An adapted WHO questionnaire was used to measure IPV. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with IPV and severe (six or more episodes) IPV during pregnancy. Results: 63.1% of respondents reported physical, emotional and/or sexual IPV during pregnancy: 46.2% reported physical and/or sexual violence, 38.9% sexual violence, 15.9% physical violence and 10% reported severe violence during pregnancy. Physical violence was less common during pregnancy than during the last 12 months before pregnancy (15.9% [95% CI 14.3-17.5] vs. 21.3% [95% confidence interval 19.5-23.1]). Reported rates of emotional (40.3% [95% CI 38.1-42.3] vs. 44.0% [95% CI 41.8-46.1]) and sexual violence (35.6% [95% CI 33.5-37.7] vs. 38.9% [95% CI 36.8-41.0]) were high during and before pregnancy. Associated factors were having a younger male partner, gender inequities, past abuse, problem drinking, partner control of woman's reproductive health and risky sexual practices. HIV status was not associated with either IPV or severe IPV, but reporting a partner with a known HIV status was associated with a lower likelihood of severe abuse. Conclusion: The rates of IPV during pregnancy in Zimbabwe are among the highest ever reported globally. Primary prevention of violence during childhood through adolescence is urgently needed. Antenatal care may provide an opportunity for secondary prevention but this requires further work. The relationship between IPV and HIV is complex in contexts where both are endemic. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Shamu, Simukai
South Africa, Bellville
University of the Western Cape
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Zimbabwe, Harare
University of Zimbabwe
Abrahams, Naeemah
South Africa, Bellville
University of the Western Cape
South Africa, Tygerberg
South African Medical Research Council
Zarowsky, Christina
South Africa, Bellville
University of the Western Cape
Shefer, Tamara
South Africa, Bellville
University of the Western Cape
Temmerman, Marleen I.L.
Belgium, Ghent
Universiteit Gent
Statistics
Citations: 77
Authors: 5
Affiliations: 4
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1111/tmi.12078
ISSN:
13602276
e-ISSN:
13653156
Research Areas
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Sexual And Reproductive Health
Violence And Injury
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Quantitative
Study Locations
Zimbabwe
Participants Gender
Male
Female