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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
medicine
Lessons and implications from a mass immunization campaign in squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan: An experience from a cluster-randomized double-blinded vaccine trial [NCT00125047]
Trials, Volume 7, Article 17, Year 2006
Notification
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Description
Objective: To determine the safety and logistic feasibility of a mass immunization strategy outside the local immunization program in the pediatric population of urban squatter settlements in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A cluster-randomized double blind preventive trial was launched in August 2003 in 60 geographic clusters covering 21,059 children ages 2 to 16 years. After consent was obtained from parents or guardians, eligible children were immunized parenterally at vaccination posts in each cluster with Vi polysaccharide or hepatitis A vaccine. Safety, logistics, and standards were monitored and documented. Results: The vaccine coverage of the population was 74% and was higher in those under age 10 years. No life-threatening serious adverse events were reported. Adverse events occurred in less than 1% of all vaccine recipients and the main reactions reported were fever and local pain. The proportion of adverse events in Vi polysaccharide and hepatitis A recipients will not be known until the end of the trial when the code is broken. Throughout the vaccination campaign safe injection practices were maintained and the cold chain was not interrupted. Mass vaccination in slums had good acceptance. Because populations in such areas are highly mobile, settlement conditions could affect coverage. Systemic reactions were uncommon and local reactions were mild and transient. Close community involvement was pivotal for information dissemination and immunization coverage. Conclusion: This vaccine strategy described together with other information that will soon be available in the area (cost/effectiveness, vaccine delivery costs, etc) will make typhoid fever control become a reality in the near future. © 2006 Khan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Authors & Co-Authors
Khan, Mohammad Imran
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Ochiai, R. Leon
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Hamzal, Hasan Bin
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University Hospital
Sahito, Shah Muhammad
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Habib, Muhammad Atif
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Soofi, Sajid Bashir
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Bhutto, Naveed Sarwar
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Rasool, Shahid
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Puri, Mahesh K.
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Ali, Mohammad M.
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Wasan, Shafi Mohammad
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Khan, Mohammad Jawed
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Abu-Elyazeed, Remon R.
Egypt, Cairo
U.s. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Egypt
Singapore, Singapore City
Glaxosmithkline, Singapore
Ivanoff, Bernard N.
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Galindo, Claudia M.
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Pang, Tikki Pangestu
Switzerland, Geneva
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé
Donner, Allan P.
Canada, London
Western University
Von-Seidlein, Lorenz
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Acosta, Camilo J.
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Clemens, John David
South Korea, Seoul
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Nizami, Shaikh Qamaruddin
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Pakistan, Karachi
The Aga Khan University
Statistics
Citations: 22
Authors: 22
Affiliations: 7
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1186/1745-6215-7-17
ISSN:
17456215
e-ISSN:
17456215
Research Areas
Disability
Health System And Policy
Infectious Diseases
Maternal And Child Health
Study Design
Randomised Control Trial
Cross Sectional Study