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Publication Details
AFRICAN RESEARCH NEXUS
SHINING A SPOTLIGHT ON AFRICAN RESEARCH
earth and planetary sciences
A Synthesis Inversion to Constrain Global Emissions of Two Very Short Lived Chlorocarbons: Dichloromethane, and Perchloroethylene
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Volume 125, No. 12, Article e2019JD031818, Year 2020
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Description
Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and perchloroethylene (C2Cl4) are chlorinated very short lived substances (Cl-VSLS) with anthropogenic sources. Recent studies highlight the increasing influence of such compounds, particularly CH2Cl2, on the stratospheric chlorine budget and therefore on ozone depletion. Here, a multiyear global-scale synthesis inversion was performed to optimize CH2Cl2 (2006–2017) and C2Cl4 (2007–2017) emissions. The approach combines long-term surface observations from global monitoring networks, output from a three-dimensional chemical transport model (TOMCAT), and novel bottom-up information on prior industry emissions. Our posterior results show an increase in global CH2Cl2 emissions from 637 ± 36 Gg yr−1 in 2006 to 1,171 ± 45 Gg yr−1 in 2017, with Asian emissions accounting for 68% and 89% of these totals, respectively. In absolute terms, Asian CH2Cl2 emissions increased annually by 51 Gg yr−1 over the study period, while European and North American emissions declined, indicating a continental-scale shift in emission distribution since the mid-2000s. For C2Cl4, we estimate a decrease in global emissions from 141 ± 14 Gg yr−1 in 2007 to 106 ± 12 Gg yr−1 in 2017. The time-varying posterior emissions offer significant improvements over the prior. Utilizing the posterior emissions leads to modeled tropospheric CH2Cl2 and C2Cl4 abundances and trends in good agreement to those observed (including independent observations to the inversion). A shorter C2Cl4 lifetime, from including an uncertain Cl sink, leads to larger global C2Cl4 emissions by a factor of ~1.5, which in some places improves model-measurement agreement. The sensitivity of our findings to assumptions in the inversion procedure, including CH2Cl2 oceanic emissions, is discussed. ©2020. The Authors.
Authors & Co-Authors
Montzka, Stephen A.
United States, Washington, D.c.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Chipperfield, Martyn P.
United Kingdom, Leeds
University of Leeds
Carpenter, Lucy J.
United Kingdom, York
University of York
Mühle, Jens
United States, La Jolla
University of California, San Diego
Oram, David E.
Unknown Affiliation
Park, Sunyoung
South Korea, Daegu
Kyungpook National University
Park, Mikyung
South Korea, Daegu
Kyungpook National University
Atlas, Elliot L.
United States, Coral Gables
University of Miami
Vollmer, Martin K.
Switzerland, Dubendorf
Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
Schuck, Tanja J.
Germany, Frankfurt am Main
Goethe-universität Frankfurt am Main
Engel, Andreas
Germany, Frankfurt am Main
Goethe-universität Frankfurt am Main
Krummel, Paul B.
Australia, Canberra
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Maione, Michela
Italy, Urbino
Università Degli Studi Di Urbino Carlo bo
Arduini, Jgor
Italy, Urbino
Università Degli Studi Di Urbino Carlo bo
Saito, Takuya
Japan, Tsukuba
National Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan
Yokouchi, Yoko
Japan, Tsukuba
National Institute for Environmental Studies of Japan
O'Doherty, Simon J.
United Kingdom, Bristol
University of Bristol
Young, Dickon
United Kingdom, Bristol
University of Bristol
Lunder, Chris R.
Norway, Skedsmokorset
Norsk Institutt for Luftforskning
Statistics
Citations: 18
Authors: 19
Affiliations: 16
Identifiers
Doi:
10.1029/2019JD031818
ISSN:
2169897X
Research Areas
Environmental