Immunohistochemical distribution of immunocompetent cells in water buffalo spleen (Bubalus bubalis)

Spleen holds critical attention among lymphoid tissues inside the animal body. Its physiological organ-ization allows it to host a wide range of substantial functions, about red blood cells and the immune system. There are no sufficient reports dedicated to immune cells in spleen of buffalo. For this reason, the current study focused on recording the reactivity and distribution of certain antibodies to immuno-competent cells in water buffalo spleen. Twenty spleens of both sexes, 4.0±0.5 years, and 400.0±50.0 kg weight units were appointed indiscriminately from apparently healthy animals. Immunohistochemical technique was performed to investigate the binding specificity towards certain antibodies and area % was evaluated by the aid of R-program. The obtained findings revealed that CD5+, CD19+, CD20+, and IgM+ were expressed in splenic cells with insignificant difference area%, while CD21+, CD79A+, and IgG+ showed significant differences in area%. The latter antibodies showed its highest concentra-tion in the marginal zone, few in the lymph node, and moderate in the red pulp. Natural killer cells, macrophages, and follicular dendritic cells highlighted a significant cytoplasmic difference utilizing CD56+, CD68+, CD1A+, respectively. Excessive expression of muscle and myofibroblast cells to alpha SMA antibody was observed. Plasma cells responded to the CD138 antibody without variation along buffalo spleen. This study aspired to present a full quantitative analysis of the normal distribution of immunocompetent cells toward water buffalo spleen. Based on that, chances will be opened for valuable designation to assort alterations in the distribution of these cells.